Long-term electricity production planning of a flexible biogas plant considering wear and tear
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Long‑term electricity production planning of a flexible biogas plant considering wear and tear Hendrik Butemann1 · Katja Schimmelpfeng1
© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract The German Renewable Energy Resources Act 2012 provides incentives for operating biogas plants in a flexible way, i.e., producing electricity in times of high prices and storing biogas during times of low prices. Frequent starts and shutdowns of the combined heat and power unit (CHP), however, lead to excessive and irregular wear and tear. Conventional maintenance schedules just take the CHP’s operating hours into account, thus implying constant wear and tear. Therefore, their use is not appropriate for a flexibly operated plant. Applying such an inappropriate maintenance strategy might lead to a lower availability of the plant and lost revenues. To overcome this gap, we introduce the Long-term Electricity production Planning Problem (LEPPP) that determines both the long-term strategy for electricity production and the optimal dates for scheduled maintenance activities simultaneously. Furthermore, we present the numerical results of a case study using data of an existing biogas plant. Keywords Flexible biogas plants · Electricity production · Wear and tear · Maintenance JEL Classification M11
1 Introduction The emission of greenhouse gases is one of the main drivers for the climate change (Cook et al. 2013). The shift away from fossil fuels like oil and coal to renewable technologies and their optimal use can help to mitigate energy-related * Katja Schimmelpfeng Katja.Schimmelpfeng@uni‑hohenheim.de Hendrik Butemann Hendrik.Butemann@uni‑hohenheim.de 1
Department of Procurement and Production, University of Hohenheim, Schwerzstr. 40, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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greenhouse gas emissions (Panwar et al. 2011). The German government set the goal to increase the renewable share of electricity generation to at least 80%, and thus, to decrease the greenhouse gas emissions by more than 85% by the year 2050 (BMWi 2017b, BMWi, BMU 2010). Wind power, solar power, hydrodynamic power and power from biogas have the highest share of renewable energy sources of electricity production in Germany and provided 28.5% of the gross electricity consumption in 2016 (BMWi 2017a). Wind and solar power, however, depend on changing weather conditions like the wind speed and the intensity of solar irradiation (Haller 2012). The related uncertainty causes difficulties in predicting power supply and consequentially in ensuring both the security of the continuous supply and the stability of the grid (Østergaard 2009). Energy from biogas offers the advantage of high availability and high predictability. Biomass input substrates or biogas can be stored and electricity can be generated on demand in order to help balancing power supply and demand (Hahn et al. 2015). The German Renewable Energy Resources Act (EEG) 2012 provides incentives for running biogas plants in a flexible way, i.e.
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