Long-term logging residue loadings affect tree growth but not soil nutrients in Pinus contorta Doug. ex Loud. forests
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RESEARCH PAPER
Long-term logging residue loadings affect tree growth but not soil nutrients in Pinus contorta Doug. ex Loud. forests Xiaohua Wei 1 & Michaela J. Waterhouse 2 & Guang Qi 1 & Jianping Wu 3 Received: 27 August 2019 / Accepted: 28 May 2020 # INRAE and Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract & Key message The 19-year monitoring study revealed continuously positive and dynamic responses of tree growth to logging residue loadings. However, the lack of changes in soil nutrients suggested that increased growth might result from enhanced nutrient cycling with no net accumulation in the soil. & Context Understanding how logging residue loadings affect soil nutrients and forest growth is critical for designing management strategies for sustaining long-term productivity in forest ecosystems. & Aims We aimed to examine the relationships among logging residue loadings, soil nutrients, and tree growth over a long-term field experiment in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Doug. ex Loud.) forests. & Methods We established a field experiment in 1996 to examine the responses of lodgepole pine growth and soil nutrients to four residue loading treatments in the central interior of British Columbia, Canada. The four treatments were removal of all residues on the forest floor (N, 0 mg ha−1), residues loading similar to whole-tree harvesting (W, 35–45 mg ha−1), residues loading similar to stem-only harvesting (S, 60–70 mg ha−1), and residues loading similar to that found in disease- or insect-killed forests (D, 100– 120 mg ha−1). & Results Logging residue loadings had significantly positive and dynamic effects on diameter and height growths. The logging residue loadings did not significantly change soil nutrients in mineral soil pools in the long run, and there was no difference in tree growth between the treatments S and W over the study period. & Conclusion Logging residue loadings significantly improved tree growth. The lack of response of soil nutrients leads to the hypothesis that nutrient fluxes from logging residues might play a more important role in tree growth in lodgepole pine forests. Our results can have important implications for bio-energy production and designing of nature-based practices for sustainable forest productivity. Keywords Sapling growth . Logging residue loading . Forest management implications . Lodgepole pine . Soil nutrients
Handling Editor: Andreas Bolte Contribution of the co-authors XW acquired funding and designed the experiment. JW, MW, GQ and XW collected and analyzed the data. The authors jointly contributed to manuscript completion. * Jianping Wu [email protected]
1
Xiaohua Wei [email protected]
Department of Earth, Environmental and Geographic Sciences, University of British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
2
Michaela J. Waterhouse [email protected]
Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, 200-640 Borland Street, Williams Lake, BC V2G 4T1, Canada
3
Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biolo
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