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Drugs During Pregnancy Methodological Aspects

123

Drugs During Pregnancy

Bengt Källén

Drugs During Pregnancy Methodological Aspects

Bengt Källén Tornblad Institute Lund University Lund Sweden

ISBN 978-3-319-40696-1 ISBN 978-3-319-40697-8 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-40697-8

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2016952092 © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland

Preface

Since the middle of the 1960s, I have been working on problems associated with maternal drug use and the risk for the pregnancy and the offspring. During this time, the methodology has developed and today various strategies are used to study these complex problems. There is a very large literature in the field which is sometimes difficult to evaluate. The practical question, raised by the patient or her doctor, is if the use of a drug during pregnancy increases the risk for a negative outcome of the pregnancy and especially the risk of a congenital malformation. This question is often difficult to answer both for the patient and for her doctor, partly due to the complexity of the problem and therefore the possibility to draw wrong conclusions from published studies. This text tries to summarize my experiences and my views on these problems. It may be of some use notably for researchers who intend to enter the field. In the text, a number of examples are given taken from the literature or based on unpublished analyses made during the more than 50 years I have been working for the National Board of Health and Welfare in Stockholm. A limited number of references are given in each chapter. They are obviously subjectively selected from the vast literature present. Lund, Sweden February 2016

Bengt Källén

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Contents

1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .