Magnetic Ordering of Perovskite-Like La-, Nd-, and Gd-Doped Bismuth Ferrite
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MRS Advances © 2019 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2019.327
Magnetic Ordering of Perovskite-Like La-, Nd-, and Gd-Doped Bismuth Ferrite Valery Sobol1, Barys Korzun2, Olga Mazurenko3, Temirkhan Bizhigitov4, Sabit Tomaev4 1
Belarusian State Pedagogical University, 18 Sovetskaya St., Minsk 220030, Belarus
2
The City University of New York, Borough of Manhattan Community College, 199 Chambers St.,
New York, NY 10007, U.S.A. 3
Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research, 66 Nezavisimosti Ave., Minsk 220072, Belarus
4
Taraz State Pedagogical University, 62 Tole bi St., Taraz 080001, Kazakhstan
ABSTRACT
Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) and La-, Nd- and Gd-substituted bismuth ferrite of the Bi1-xLaxFeO3, Bi1-xNdxFeO3, and Bi1-xGdxFeO3 types with the atomic part of the substitution element x equal up to 0.20 were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method using powders of oxides Bi2O3, Fe2O3, and La2O3, or Nd2O3, or Gd2O3 of pure grade quality and investigated using X-ray diffraction analysis. The magnetization was measured in the magnetic field up to 6.5 106 A/m at 5 and 300 K. It was found that the total substitution up to 0.20 atomic part of Bi by La, Nd, and Gd leads to the paramagnetic behavior of the doped bismuth ferrite at low temperatures in a wide range of magnetic field. Strong nonlinear dependence of magnetization on the magnetic field was detected and a ferromagnetic-like dependence of magnetization was observed for small magnetic fields. This can be explained by the exchange interaction between doping magnetic ions, as well as by the exchange interaction of these ions with ions of iron. The enhancement of magnetic properties with the increase of the content of the substitution is monotone and is more pronounced for the Bi1-xGdxFeO3 ceramics.
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INTRODUCTION Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) is a promising magnetoelectric material due to coexistence of both ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic orders in this material at room temperature [1]. It is desirable to transform the antiferromagnetic spin configuration of BiFeO3 into the ferromagnetic one by an action on the spiral modulated spin structure. Chemical doping can modify both the electric conductivity and the spiral spin structure to intensify the macroscopic properties. In particular, the use of rare-earth elements Nd and Gd for the substitution of Bi was proposed [2, 3]. The effect of substitution of Bi by Gd on structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties was studied in [4, 5]. There was evidence of weak magnetization in the Gd-containing samples, and this weak magnetization increases with the Gd content for x0.25, and then decreases gradually with increasing x for x0.30 [4]. The preparation and physical properties of substituted multiferroics were discussed in detail [6]. Polycrystallin
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