Magnetism in Topological Insulators
This book serves as a brief introduction to topological insulator physics and device applications. Particular attention is paid to the indirect exchange interaction mediated by near surface Dirac fermions and the spin texture this interaction favors. Alon
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Magnetism in Topological Insulators
Magnetism in Topological Insulators
Vladimir Litvinov
Magnetism in Topological Insulators
Vladimir Litvinov Sierra Nevada Corporation Irvine, CA, USA
ISBN 978-3-030-12052-8 ISBN 978-3-030-12053-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12053-5
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2019931905 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
To Daniel and Anastasia
Preface
From the time that semiconductor spintronics was recognized as a mainstream in solid-state physics, the search for new materials that allow the manipulation of magnetism by an electrical field has become widely discussed. Films made of topological insulators (TI) are relatively new material systems in which the voltage-controlled electron spin polarization at the surface can be used in device applications either by itself or as a tool that excites magnetic switching and oscillations in an adjacent ferromagnetic layer. The topological insulator discourse calls on the concepts of topology, differential geometry, and other complex areas of contemporary mathematics. This book is aimed at studying magnetism in TIs on the level that fills the gap between postgraduate courses typical for students in physics and electrical engineering. The prerequisite for understanding this material is a general undergraduate-level knowledge of quantum mechanics and solid-state physics. The book deals with the relation between the topological structure of Bloch functions and the properties of TIs in electric and magnetic fields. Common properties of TIs are studied based on a particular TI example of Bi2(Se, Te)3. In Chap. 1, we study the energy spectrum of surface Dirac
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