Management of Antimicrobials in Infectious Diseases Impact of Antibi

Optimal antimicrobial use is essential in this era of escalating antibiotic resistance. Clinicians, particularly those on the frontlines of care, need an understanding of the management of common infectious diseases and the appropriate use of antimicrobia

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Arch G. Mainous III Claire Pomeroy

Arch G. Mainous III · Claire Pomeroy Editors

Management of Antimicrobials in Infectious Diseases Impact of Antibiotic Resistance Second Edition

Editors Arch G. Mainous III Department of Family Medicine Medical University of South Carolina 295 Calhoun St. Charleston, SC 29425 USA [email protected]

Claire Pomeroy Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology University of California Davis School of Medicine Davis CA 95616 USA [email protected]

ISBN 978-1-60327-238-4 e-ISBN 978-1-60327-239-1 DOI 10.1007/978-1-60327-239-1 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2009941650 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2001, 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Humana Press, c/o Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Humana Press is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

To my wife, Amy. To my husband, Bill.

Preface

Since the first edition of Management of Antimicrobials in Infectious Disease: Impact of Antibiotic Resistance was published in 2001, a myriad of new or increased disease management issues with implications for antibiotic resistance have appeared on the landscape and many continue to challenge us. Consequently, this book has been updated substantially. The book is intended as a resource to provide practical guidelines for generalist physicians and mid-level practitioners, as well as infectious disease specialists. We designed this book to serve as a resource for evidence-based advice about antimicrobial treatment of infectious diseases encountered in both the hospital and outpatient settings. Our goal is to facilitate an understanding of commonly encountered infectious pathogens as well as rational approaches to the management of associated diseases. Optimal antimicrobial use is essential in this era of escalating antibiotic resistance and an understanding of appropriate use of antimicrobials, particularly in light of resistant pathogens, is necessary for clinicians engaged in front-line care. The book focuses on the importance of appropriate diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases with an emphasis on special aspects of treatment necessitated by the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. Our book is arranged with chapters focusing on pathogens, followed by chapters focusing on clinical conditions. This strategy w