Manufacturing and Compressive Deformation Behavior of High-Strength Aluminum Coating Material Fabricated by Kinetic Spra
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Kinetic spraying (cold spraying) is the process through which powder is deformed and deposited using high impact velocities (300 to 1200 m s 1) of metal powder particles at relatively low temperatures to form coating layers. Through the process, coating layers show superior properties such as high density, low oxide content, high bond strength, and high hardness.[1] The mechanical properties of kinetic-sprayed coating layers are mainly assessed using methods such as hardness, nanoindentation,[2] and bending tests.[3] Nonetheless, all the aforementioned methods are designed to assess the mechanical properties of local regions of coating layers made to have relatively thin thickness; they have limitations in showing the representative mechanical properties of coating layers. In particular, in the case of kinetic spraying that forms coating layers through high-speed particle deformation, the coating layers are likely to have the anisotropy of mechanical properties. Hall et al.[4] and Gartner et al.[5]
KYU-SIK KIM and JI-SANG YU, Graduate Students, and KEEAHN LEE, Professor, are with the School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea. Contact e-mail: [email protected] SEE-JO KIM, Professor, is with Andong National University. JUYEON WON, Graduate Student, and CHANGHEE LEE, Professor, are with Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea. SEONG LEE, Researcher, is with the Agency of Defense Development, Daejoen 305-152, Republic of Korea. Manuscript submitted January 30, 2013. Article published online September 5, 2013 4876—VOLUME 44A, NOVEMBER 2013
manufactured kinetic-sprayed coating layers and reported the tensile properties of the coating layer in directions perpendicular (along the surface) to those of spraying. As a result of this, they showed the possibility of bulk materials forming by using the kinetic spray process. But the mechanical properties of kineticsprayed layers in their thickness directions are considered more important in applying kinetic spray processes as bulk forming processes. The results of related studies have yet to be reported for any material. Therefore, this study sought to manufacture a thick, pure aluminum coating layer through the kinetic spray process to evaluate the compressive properties of the coating layer in the thickness direction and to investigate related deformation behavior. The possibility was considered as a promising process for processing bulk materials. In this study, coating layers were made using powder manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co. (Saitama, Japan) The powder stock consisted of around 3- to 5-lm-sized grains with average size of 18.74 lm and irregular oval shapes made of 99.9 wt pct Al. A kinetic spraying system (Kinetics 3000, Cold Gas Technology GmbH, Ampfing, Germany) was utilized for manufacturing the coating layer. A de Laval-type convergingdiverging MOC nozzle with a round outlet was used with distance of 30 mm from the point of the nozzle to the substrate. During th
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