Mapping geological risk in urban areas
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CAJG 2018: TOPIC 3
Mapping geological risk in urban areas Irina Kozliakova 1 & Olga Eremina 1 Received: 2 August 2019 / Accepted: 18 April 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract The geological risk of economic losses was qualitatively assessed for the Moscow megacity proceeding from the combined consideration of geohazards operating in this territory and the vulnerability of urban environment. The map of geoecological conditions was built on the basis of assessing karst, suffosion, waterlogging, and landslide hazards in Moscow, and the schematic map of geological risk (scale 1: 50000) was compiled for the Moscow territory, representing risk as an integral parameter of probable damage caused by the considered geohazards and the anthropogenic load on the urban territory. The mapping procedure included four steps: grading and mapping exogenous geohazards, grading and mapping the vulnerability of urban environment (which is understood here as the city territory with the surface infrastructure) to these geohazards, distinguishing risk categories by the analysis of geohazard impact on urban environment, and compiling the resultant risk map by superposition of the integral map of exogenous geohazards and the vulnerability map. This qualitative approach provides reliable and sufficient data permitting urban planners to optimize investments in Moscow city development. Keywords Exogenous geological processes . Geohazards . Risk analysis . Urban areas . Urban environment vulnerability
Introduction Transition from the assessment and mapping of exogenous geological hazards to risk assessment appears to be an acute problem of the present-day urban geology for ensuring the sustainable development of cities. Risk assessment permits researchers to get an adequate idea about the size of possible economic loss caused by geohazards in an urban area (Osipov 2016). The development of technology and procedure of assessing risk caused by the hazardous geological processes is the most important task. Due to geodata uncertainties, especially in urban areas, this problem seems to have been solved on a quantitative level nowhere in the world (Clayton 2001, 2009; Kalsnes et al. 2010; Knill 2003). We define geological risk as the qualitative or quantitative measure of geological hazard or a number of hazards determined for a This paper was selected from the 1st Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG), Tunisia 2018 Responsible Editor: Amjad Kallel * Olga Eremina [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulansky lane 13, Moscow 101000, Russia
particular object in the form of possible absolute or relative economic losses (damage) (Ragozin 2003, Ragozin and Yolkin 2006). This definition suggests that risk is a function of the hazard impact value and the urban environment vulnerability. Almost all researchers involved in risk assessment in urban areas agree that the combination of geohazard maps with the maps of urban environment vulnerabili
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