Mapping spatial distribution of genetic resources of kola ( Cola nitida (Vent.) Schott & Endl.) in Ghana and collect
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SHORT COMMUNICATION
Mapping spatial distribution of genetic resources of kola (Cola nitida (Vent.) Schott & Endl.) in Ghana and collection of germplasm for conservation, characterization and development of improved varieties D. Nyadanu . A. Akpertey . A. M. Dadzie . P. Pobee . S. T. Lowor . I. D. Asirifi . M. Brako-Marfo . L. M. Aboagye
Received: 29 March 2020 / Accepted: 23 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Kola (Cola nitida (Vent.) Schott & Endl.) is a tree crop of great economic and socio-cultural importance. Available genetic resources of kola are increasingly vulnerable to genetic erosion due to decreased population sizes resulting from land use changes and cutting of trees for timber and firewood production. There is therefore an urgent need to conserve genetic resources of kola in Ghana. The objective of this research was to map distribution, ascertain status of collection and conservation of kola in Ghana and to collect germplasm from mapped provenances for characterization and breeding of improved varieties. Mapping of distribution of kola was carried out by undertaking trips to kola growing areas in Ghana. Transects were constructed and an inventory of C. nitida was carried out using GPS. The geo-references were interpolated into the map of Ghana using ArcGIS software. The spatial analysis showed Jasikan, Akaa, Ahamasu, Ampeyo, Pampawie, Oyoko, Akwadum, Jejeti, Atwedie, Kwahu, Asuom, Tweapease, Kade, Twifo Praso, Assin Fosu, Ntafrewaso, Hemang, Jamasi, Kona, Bipoa, Offinso, D. Nyadanu (&) A. Akpertey A. M. Dadzie I. D. Asirifi M. Brako-Marfo Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG), P. O. Box 8, Akim Tafo, Ghana e-mail: [email protected] L. M. Aboagye CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute, P. O. Box 7, Bunso, ER, Ghana
Akumadan and Aframcho as the areas with a dense natural populations of C. nitida. The current knowledge and understanding of distribution of kola resources provides opportunity to have a comprehensive collection of genetic resources of kola in Ghana. This aided in collection of 102 new accessions from 22 provenances in the Volta and Eastern regions of Ghana. This in addition to 226 earlier collections constitute 328 accessions of C. nitida in Ghana. The evaluation and understanding of diversity of these kola resources could offer yet-unknown traits of high economic value for further domestication and development of improved varieties. Keywords Conservation Cola nitida Genetic resources Germplasm Ghana Kola Spatial distribution
Introduction Kola is an important tree crop of the family Malvaceae. The genus Cola comprises of about 140 species (Onomo et al. 2006). The most commonly used species are Cola nitida [(Vent.) Schott and Edlicher], Cola acuminata [(Pal de. Beuav) Schott and Edlicher] and Cola anomala (Schott and Endlicher). C. nitida, characterized by nuts of two cotyledons, is however of much greater commercial importance as the seeds are in higher demand locally and for export
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