Mathematics in Berlin
This little book is conceived as a service to mathematicians attending the 1998 International Congress of Mathematicians in Berlin. It presents a comprehensive, condensed overview of mathematical activity in Berlin, from Leibniz almost to the present day
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H. G. W. Begehr H. Koch J. Kramer N. Schappacher E.-J. Thiele on behalf of the Berliner Mathematische Gesellschaft
Springer Basel AG
Editors: Prof. Heinrich Begehr Fachbereich Mathematik u. Informatik Mathematisches Institut (WE 1) Freie Universităt Berlin Amimallee 3 D-14195 Berlin
He!mut Koch and Jurg Kramer Humboldt Universităt zu Berlin Institut fur Mathematik Jăgerstr. 10-11 D-IO II 7 Berlin
Norbert Schappacher U.F.R. de mathematique et d'informatique Universite Louis Pasteur 7, rue Rene Descartes F-67084 Strasbourg Cedex
Ernst-Jochen Thiele Technische Universităt Berlin Fachbereich Mathematik Strasse des 17. Juni 136 D-10623 Berlin
1991 Mathematics Subject Classification OI A73
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress, Washington D.C., USA Deutsche Bibliothek Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mathematics in Berlin / H. Begehr ... ed. - Basel ; Boston; Berlin: Birkhăuser, 1998 ISBN 978-3-7643-5943-0 ISBN 978-3-0348-8787-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-0348-8787-8
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concemed, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of ilIustrations, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. For any kind of use whatsoever, permission from the copyright owner must be obtained. © 1998 Springer Base! AG
Originally published by Birkhiiuser Verlag GmbH, in 1998
Printed on acid-free paper produced of chlorine-free pulp. TCF 00 Cover design: Markus Etterich, Base! ISBN 978-3-7643-5943-0
987654321
To Kurt-R. Biermann, the father of the historiography of Berlin mathematics.
Contents Preface...................................................................
IX
E. Knobloch: Mathematics at the Prussian Academy of Sciences 1700-1810 ................................................
1
D.E. Rowe: Mathematics in Berlin, 1810-1933 ............................
9
J.-P. Friedelmeyer: Augustus Leopold Crelle ..............................
27
H. Koch: Gustav Peter Lejeune Dirichlet..................................
33
H. Pieper: Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
H. Begehr, H. Lenz: Jacob Steiner and Synthetic Geometry...............
49
N. Schappacher: Gotthold Eisenstein ......................................
55
H.M. Edwards: Kummer and Kronecker...................................
61
R. Bolling: Weierstrass and some members of his circle: Kovalevskaia, Fuchs, Schwarz, Schottky ..............................
71
R. Haubrich: Frobenius, Schur, and the Berlin Algebraic Tradition........
83
H. Baumgartel: Erhard Schmidt, John von Neumann .....................
97
H. Begehr: Constantin CaratModory .....................................
105
H. Follmer, U. Kuchler: Richard von Mises ...............................
111
D.E. Rowe: Einstein in Berlin............................................. 117 N. Schappacher: The Nazi era: the Berlin way of
politicizing
