Mechanical properties and biodegradation of biocomposites based on poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) and alfa fibers
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Mechanical properties and biodegradation of biocomposites based on poly (hydroxybutyrate‑co‑valerate) and alfa fibers Dalila Hammiche1 · Amar Boukerrou1 · Yves Grohens2 · Noamen Guermazi3 · Fatima Ezzahra Arrakhiz4 Received: 3 June 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 © The Polymer Society, Taipei 2020
Abstract In recent years, most of the scientific research had focused on developing environment-friendly biodegradable materials after being used. There are two ways to do that: the first consists of the use of biodegradable plastics, and the second is the incorporation of biodegradable fibers in polymers. The main objective of this paper is to develop eco-friendly biodegradable biocomposites and to make their characterization. We devoted significant attention to investigate the use of alfa fiber as reinforcement in Poly (hydroxybutyrate-Co-valerate) (PHBV) material. The effects of fiber content and fiber treatment, as well as the biodegradation behavior of elaborated composites, have been investigated. From the main results, we observed some morphological changes that occurred on the fiber surface after chemical treatment. The use of fibers in PHBV increases the modulus but not necessarily improves the tensile strength of resulting composites but remains dependent on the interfacial adhesion. Alkali treatment of alfa fibers leads to improve the tensile strength and the rigidity of PHBV/alfa composites. SEM micrographs highlighted differences in microstructure of untreated and treated composites indicating that fiber-treatment also enhances the quality of the interface between the thermoplastic matrix and alfa fibers. In terms of degradability characteristics, the treated composites were highly biodegradable compared to both neat PHBV and untreated composites when subjected to water absorption in distilled and seawater. Also, elaborated composites undergo significant degradation into seawater, indicating their environmentally friendly character. Keywords Alfa fibers · PHBV biopolymer · Biocomposites · Mechanical properties · Biodegradation
Introduction Polymer/natural fibers composites have become some essential materials for modern life and considered as alternative material living [1]. Polymer composites have practical processing techniques, appealing mechanical properties and are light [2]. In another way, the polymer also can evil the environment, particularly in the marine medium. Polymer * Dalila Hammiche [email protected] 1
Laboratoire Des Matériaux polymères Avancés, université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algérie
2
IRDL, UBS, RE CNRS, 3744, 56100 Lorient, France
3
Laboratoire de Génie des Matériaux et Environnement (LGME), Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax (ENIS), Université de Sfax, BP, 1173‑3038 Sfax, Tunisie
4
Laboratoire D’électronique de Traitement de Signal Et de modélisation Physique, Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des sciences, Agadir, Maroc
materials can fragment into smaller bits, but complete natural biodegradation can be awfully long in the time, consequently they accumulate in
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