Melatonin Attenuates AlCl 3 -Induced Apoptosis and Osteoblastic Differentiation Suppression by Inhibiting Oxidative Stre
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Melatonin Attenuates AlCl3-Induced Apoptosis and Osteoblastic Differentiation Suppression by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress in MC3T3-E1 Cells Zheng Cao 1,2 & Xue Geng 1 & Xinpeng Jiang 3 & Xiang Gao 1 & Kexiang Liu 1 & Yanfei Li 1 Received: 11 July 2019 / Accepted: 4 September 2019 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Aluminum (Al) inhibits osteoblast-mediated bone formation by oxidative stress, resulting in Al-induced bone disease. Melatonin (MT) has received extensive attention due to its antioxidant and maintenance of bone health effect. To evaluate the protective effect and mechanism of MT on AlCl3-induced osteoblast dysfunction, MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with MT (100 μM) and/or AlCl3 (8 μM). First, MT alleviated AlCl3-induced osteoblast dysfunction, presenting as the reduced apoptosis rate as well as increased cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and type I collagen (COL-1) level. Then, MT significantly attenuated AlCl3-induced oxidative stress, presenting as the reduced reactive oxygen species and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine levels as well as increased glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity. Finally, MT protected MC3T3-E1 cells against p53dependent apoptosis and differentiation suppression, as assessed by Caspase-3 activity, protein levels of p53, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B cell lymphoma gene 2 (Bcl-2), cytosolic Cytochrome c, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and Osterix, as well as the mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Runx2, Osterix, ALP, and COL-1. Overall, our findings demonstrate MT attenuates AlCl3-induced apoptosis and osteoblastic differentiation suppression by inhibiting oxidative stress in MC3T3-E1 cells. Keywords Aluminum chloride . Melatonin . Apoptosis . Osteoblastic differentiation . Oxidative stress . p53
Introduction Aluminum (Al) is an accumulative toxic metal for mammals [1, 2]. However, Al remains widely used in daily life, such as water purifiers, food additives, and pharmaceuticals, and it is also present in surface waters, ambient and occupational airborne particulates, all of which promotes a global public
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01893-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yanfei Li [email protected] 1
Northeastern Science Inspection Station, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, NO. 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
2
Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
3
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
health and food safety problem [3–5]. Although only 0.05– 2.2% of daily Al intake is absorbed, its elimination is slow and accumulated in deep compartment
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