Mesoporous Carbon Fabricated by Using Polydopamine Microspheres as Precursor for Effective Oil/Water Separation
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04397-w Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
ADVANCES IN SURFACE ENGINEERING
Mesoporous Carbon Fabricated by Using Polydopamine Microspheres as Precursor for Effective Oil/Water Separation JUNKAI GAO,1 MOUYUAN YANG,1 YAN CHEN XUEBIN LI,1 and JIAQI WANG1
,1,2 YU LIU,1
1.—School of Naval Architecture and Maritime, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China. 2.—e-mail: [email protected]
Mesoporous carbon microspheres (MOCM) with large specific surface area have been developed using polydopamine microspheres (PDAM) synthesized by a biomimetic method as precursor. The PDAM preparation method has the merits of requiring mild conditions and simple operation and being environmentally friendly; MOCM were fabricated using a simple method involving pyrolyzation of PDAM. Different techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurements, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, were applied to characterize the MOCM, and the results showed that MOCM exhibited favorable hydrophobicity and excellent lipophilicity. The pump oil and lubricating oil adsorption capacity of MOCM could reach 12 g g1 and 11.5 g g1, respectively, and the reusability study indicated that, after eight cycles, the lubricating-oil adsorption capacity of the regenerated MOCM could still remain at 95.7%. All results demonstrated that the MOCM exhibited excellent performance for separation of oil from water.
INTRODUCTION Oil plays a significant role in modern society due to the development of industrialization; however, oil spills also cause severe accidents in the exploration, transportation, storage, and usage of oil.1 The constant emission of oily wastewater from industry and daily life as well as oil spill accidents further lead to significant pollution of water resources and immeasurable environmental problems.2,3 Thus, oil–water separation becomes a vital issue in both scientific research and practical applications. Several methods have been used for the treatment of oil spills, such as in situ burning,4 chemical dispersants,5 skimming,6 and adsorption. In situ burning could result in air pollution.4 Chemical dispersants could dissipate the mixture into liquid water, which could lead to potential damage to ecosystems.4 The method of skimming is also common in both scientific research and practical applications, but this has the drawback of poor reusability. Among these methods, adsorption is an effective and widely used
(Received May 16, 2020; accepted September 21, 2020)
approach, with the merits of simple operation, low cost, effectiveness, and reusability, and it has attracted extensive attention in both theoretical research and practical applications in the field of wastewater treatment.7,8 Recently, many materials for oil adsorption have been developed, such as polymer, inorganic, and biomass materials.9–11 In addition to hydrophobicity, an ideal oil-spill adsorbent should have the following characte
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