Mesoporous spheres of Dy 2 NiMnO 6 synthesized via hydrothermal route for structural, morphological, and electrochemical
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Mesoporous spheres of Dy2NiMnO6 synthesized via hydrothermal route for structural, morphological, and electrochemical investigation Jashandeep Singh 1 & Irina Rogge 1,2 & Uttam Kumar Goutam 3 & Ashok Kumar 1,4 Received: 10 November 2019 / Revised: 14 May 2020 / Accepted: 31 May 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Here, we report the synthesis of the double perovskite-mesoporous spheres of Dy2NiMnO6 via hydrothermal process exhibiting P21/n monoclinic symmetry. Field emission electron micrographs confirmed the formation of porous spheres. The elemental mapping exhibited the homogenous distribution of metal ions, i.e., Dy3+, Ni2+, and Mn3+/Mn4+ as observed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The Dy2NiMnO6 spheres exhibited a specific surface area of ~ 38 m2/g, with an average pore diameter of ~ 10 nm. The specific capacitance for mesoporous spheres of Dy2NiMnO6 has been found to be ~ 395.2 F/g at the scan rate of 0.5 A/g. Furthermore, mesoporous spheres of Dy2NiMnO6 displayed stability over 2500 cycles with 71% specific capacitance retention at constant current destiny of 3 A/g. Keywords Inorganic oxide materials . Double perovskite . Rare earth . Hydrothermal . Electrochemical
Introduction Double perovskites gained a significant research interest within the last decade as a result of their various technological applications [1, 2]. Particularly, the rare earth oxide-based double perovskites with general formula R2NiMnO6 (R - rare earth cations) are multifunctional materials with interesting physical properties such as ferromagnetism, large magnetocapacitance, magneto-resistance, and spin-phonon coupling [1, 2]. Material of this family such as Dy2NiMnO6 has very scarcely been explored despite the dysprosium being a potential candidate for many practical applications due to its large magnetic moment [3–6]. It exhibited ferromagnetic behavior (Curie temperature ~ 105 K) primarily due to occurrence of * Ashok Kumar [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136119, India
2
Department of Physics, Free University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
3
Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
4
Department of Applied Sciences, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh 160019, India
super-exchange interaction of Ni 2+ -O-Mn 4+ ions [2]. Experimental investigation on its structural and dielectric properties has also been performed [1, 2, 6–10]. Chanda et al. have studied its electronic band structure and magnetic properties via density functional theory, and understood the ferromagnetic insulating behavior [2]. The Dy2NiMnO6 with a direct band gap of 1.62 eV has been used in Schottky diodes with a device configuration of Ag/Dy2NiMnO6/FTO [2, 11, 12]. The effect of temperature on the charge carrier transport phenomena was studied via thermionic emission theory [11, 12]. Furthermore, it has been found that manganese is extr
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