Structural and magnetic properties of MgFe 2 O 4 nanopowder synthesized via co-precipitation route
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Structural and magnetic properties of MgFe2O4 nanopowder synthesized via co‑precipitation route Farhana Naaz1 · Hemant Kumar Dubey1 · Chanda Kumari1 · Preeti Lahiri1 Received: 16 January 2020 / Accepted: 26 March 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Mg ferrite was successfully synthesized by adopting a simple co-precipitation route. A physical property of Mg ferrite has been investigated employing XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDS, AFM and Raman spectroscopic techniques. The XRD results indicated the formation of single phase spinel ferrite with crystalline size of 36 nm. FTIR results confrmed ferrite tetrahedral (580 cm−1) and octahedral sites (430 cm−1) metal oxygen vibrations. The Raman result revealed the well defined Raman active modes of synthesized sample. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies revealed nano crystalline nature of the sample. An elemental composition of the sample was studied by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Crystallite size, X-ray density, hopping length, and magnetic properties of the product are also reported. AFM provides surface roughness. The magnetic hysteresis curves clearly indicate the soft nature of the prepared nanoferrite. The Raman spectra shows five Raman active modes (A1g + Eg + 3F2g) which are expected in the spinel structure and Raman spectra has a very good agreement with reported data. Various magnetic parameters such as saturation magnetization (Ms), and remanence (Mr) and coerciviy (Hc) are obtained from the hysteresis loops. Keywords Nanoparticles · XRD · Ferrite · Raman spectra · Magnetism
1 Introduction Nanoparticles of spinel ferrite draw significant consideration due to their lower density and higher specific surface area and distinct optical, catalytic and magnetic properties [1]. Study of spinel ferrite MFe2O4 (where M = metal ion) nanoparticles has significant application in modern technologies such as contrast enhancement of magnetic resonance imaging, high density data storage, and magnetic carriers for site-specific drugs delivery [2]. Spinel ferrites have the general molecular formula M Fe2O4 where M2+ and Fe3+ are the divalent and trivalent cations occupying tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) interstitial positions of the FCC lattice formed by O2− ions. Among the spinel ferrites, M Fe2O4 nanoparticles finds extensive applications in magnetic based diagnosis and treatment
devices [3], potential magnetorheological fluids [4], gas sensors [5], catalysts [6], and lithium ion batteries [7]. Magnesium ferrite is a soft magnetic n-type semiconducting material [8, 9]. Recent increasing attention to nanostructures of magnetic materials has been due to their unique material properties that are significantly different from those of their bulk counter parts [10, 11]. Physical, chemical and structural properties of oxide powders depend on preparation method and thermal treatment applied during preparation. A wide variety of methods are being used to synthesize spinel ferrite nanoparticles including citric acid combustion [12], sol–gel auto
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