Metabolic Activity of Anthocyanin Extracts Loaded into Non-ionic Niosomes in Diet-Induced Obese Mice
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RESEARCH PAPER
Metabolic Activity of Anthocyanin Extracts Loaded into Non-ionic Niosomes in Diet-Induced Obese Mice Diana Colorado 1 & Maritza Fernandez 2 & Jahir Orozco 2 & Yasmin Lopera 3 & Diana Lorena Muñoz 4 & Sergio Acín 1,4 & Norman Balcazar 1,4
Received: 20 April 2020 / Accepted: 14 July 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
ABSTRACT Purpose Anthocyanins (ACNs) are polyphenols that might reduce pathological processes associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and other chronic diseases, but their bioavailability is still controversial. In this study, the metabolic activity of oral delivery of ACN-loaded niosomes was investigated and evaluated in a diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice model. Methods ACNs extracted from Vaccinium Meridionale by the supercritical fluid extraction method were loaded in niosomes. The niosomal formulation was physically characterized and further administrated in drinking water to obese, insulin resistant mouse. We evaluated the effect of ACN loaded niosomes on hyperglycemia, glucose and insulin intolerance and insulin blood levels in C57BL/6 J mice fed with a high-fat diet. Results The ACN-loaded particles were moderately monodisperse, showed a negative surface charge and 57% encapsulation efficiency. The ACN-loaded niosomes ameliorated the insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in the DIO mice model. Additionally, they reduced animal weight and plasma
Diana Colorado and Maritza Fernandez contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-020-02883-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Norman Balcazar [email protected] 1
GENMOL Group, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 62 # 52-59, Medellin, Colombia
2
Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 N° 52–20, Medellín 050010, Colombia
3
AOXLAB SAS, Calle 32F # 74B-122, Medellín, Colombia
4
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Carrera 51D N° 62-29, Medellin, Colombia
insulin, glucose, leptin and total cholesterol levels in obese mice. Conclusion ACN-loaded niosomes administration, as a functional drink, had a beneficial effect on the reversal of metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity.
KEY WORDS anthocyanins . functional drink . niosomes, obesity . type 2 diabetes mellitus
ABBREVIATIONS T2DM ACNs SCF DLS ELS TEM Cy-3-Gly HFD Metf Nios ACN/Nios TC TAG HDL LDL IPGTT ITT
Type 2 diabetes mellitus Anthocyanins Supercritical fluid Dynamic Light Scattering Electrophoretic Light Scattering Transmission Electron Microscopy Cyanidin-3-O-glycoside High-fat diet Metformin Niosomes Anthocyanins loaded in niosomes Total cholesterol Triacylglycerides High-density lipoprotein Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test Insulin tolerance test
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a chronic disease that contributes to the development of fatal disea
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