Metabolomic Analysis of the Serum in Rats with Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference
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XPERIMENTAL ARTICLES
Metabolomic Analysis of the Serum in Rats with Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference Changli Zenga, c, Xiaokang Gongb, Xigang Daia, c, and Tingting Ninga, c, 1 aCollege
of Life Science, Jianghan University, Sanjiaohu Road, Wuhan, China Institute of Biomedical Science, Jianghan University, Sanjiaohu Road, Wuhan, China c Hubei Engineering Research Center for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Hanjiang River Basin, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China bWuhan
Received December 17, 2019; revised April 26, 2020; accepted May 18, 2020
Abstract—To understand what happens in the serum after methamphetamine (MA) administration, nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics was performed to investigate the characteristic metabolite profile in the serum of rats with MA-induced conditioned place preference. The results showed that tyrosine concentration was significantly higher in the MA-induced group (1.68 × 10–5 ppm) than in the control group (0.99 × 10–5 ppm) (p = 0.004), uncharacterized lipid concentration was significantly higher in the control group (1.28 × 10–3 ppm) than in the MA-induced group (0.78 × 10–3 ppm) (p = 0.008), acetone concentration was significantly higher in the control (1.65 × 10–4 ppm) than in the and MA-induced group (1.10 × 10–4 ppm) (p = 0.005), and leucine concentration was significantly higher in the control (5.20 × 10–4 ppm) than in the MAinduced group (4.37 × 10–4) (p-value = 0.03). This decrease in acetone concentration in the MA-induced group may help elucidate why ketogenic diet has shown promise for many neurological disorders. Tyrosine is the precursor of dopamine and γ-aminobutyric acid, and leucine is the major nitrogen donor for glutamate synthesis. These results suggest that a disturbance in the substrate supply in the circulatory system partly explains MA toxicity in the central nervous system. Keywords: methamphetamine, conditioned place preference, metabolomics, tyrosine, branched-chain amino acids DOI: 10.1134/S1819712420040091
Methamphetamine (MA) is a widely abused psychostimulant classified as an amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS). MA abuse is a serious public crisis. In the 2018 World Drug Report, amphetamine (including both amphetamine and MA) was deemed to be used by approximately 34 million people globally. “Despite the trends in the respective shares of each drug in seizure cases shows a decline in the share of global cannabis seizure cases over the past decade, by contrast, the share of seizure cases of ATS (mostly methamphetamine) rose over the same period.” Many countries consider MA use to be one of the most worrying threats of drug use. Chronic heavy MA use likely causes dopaminergic neurotoxicity and results in cognitive deficits, such as disturbances in working memory, attention problems, and impaired impulse control and decision making [1]. Both acute and chronic use of MA could generate an imbalance in the release and reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. MA could have an effect on not
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