Metagenomic Insights in Activated Biomass Treating Industrial Wastewater at Different DO Levels
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Metagenomic Insights in Activated Biomass Treating Industrial Wastewater at Different DO Levels Trilok Chandra Yadav 1 & Niti B. Jadeja 1,2 & Atya Kapley 1 Received: 13 August 2019 / Accepted: 23 April 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is an imperative parameter of the activated sludge process (ASP) for wastewater bioremediation. The effect of DO on microbial communities and corresponding metabolic functions in wastewater bioremediation was investigated using nextgeneration analysis techniques in this study. Illumina-based whole genome sequencing was applied to analyze the composition of the microbial community along with their functional diversity in activated sludge systems operating at three different DO levels. Activated biomass was collected from lab-scale reactors maintained at 1, 2, and 4 mg/L DO levels. Metagenomes were sequenced on an Illumina platform and analyzed using various tools. Results revealed that Proteobacteria phylum and Pseudomonas, Nitrobacter, Thauera, and Alicyclipilus genera were abundant in all reactor samples. Despite distinct DO levels, the microbial communities were conserved and consisted of a common population forming the core group governing the metabolic functions. However, higher diversity was observed at functional level indicating that microbes evolve and adapt to serve their role in a typical ASP. Metabolic pathway related to benzoate dominated at 1 mg/L DO level, while pathways for degradation of aromatic compounds like phenol, toluene, and biphenyl via central metabolic pathway were found dominating at 4 mg/L DO level. Pathways corresponding to homogentisate, naphthalene, cresol, and salicylate degradation enriched at 2 mg/L DO level. Keywords Dissolved oxygen . Metagenomics . Biodegradation . Next-gen sequencing
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-02003340-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
* Atya Kapley [email protected]
1
Director’s Research Cell, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
2
Mumbai Zonal Centre, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, (CSIR-NEERI), Worli, Mumbai 400 018, India
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Introduction Bioremediation of polluted sites is governed by the catabolic potential harbored by the inhabiting microbial communities. Microorganisms are known to degrade organic compounds, by means of transformation reactions in the biological wastewater treatment process, termed as activated sludge. Activated sludge is a mixture of inactive solids from industrial or sewage combined with a microbial population growing on the biodegradable substrates present in the wastewaters [1]. It is a widely used system for wastewater treatment at the common effluent treatment plant (CETP). The microbial community inhabiting the ASP performs various reactions such as desulfurization, dehalogena
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