Biosorption of Metal Ions Present in Industrial Wastewater
Immobilization of magnetic nanoparticles and enzymes with the aid of chemicals and metals as their major support is extensively used in numerous applications, owing to their superparamagnetic nature, surface interaction, alteration, and binding specificit
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Biosorption of Metal Ions Present in Industrial Wastewater Dhanya Vishnu , Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath and Balaji Dhandapani
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Contents 9.1 I ntroduction 9.2 D ifferent Methods for Metal Pollutants Removal: Overview 9.2.1 Adsorption: Magnetic Nanoparticles as Adsorbents in the Elimination of Hazardous Metal Contaminants 9.3 Preparation of Nanoparticle 9.4 Characterization of Nanoparticle 9.5 Removal of Pollutants Using Different Nanoparticles 9.5.1 Silver Nanoparticles 9.5.2 Magnetic Nanoparticle 9.5.3 Other Metallic Nanoparticles 9.6 Agricultural Residues: As the Adsorbent in the Removal of Pollutants 9.7 Conclusion References
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Abstract Immobilization of magnetic nanoparticles and enzymes with the aid of chemicals and metals as their major support is extensively used in numerous applications, owing to their superparamagnetic nature, surface interaction, alteration, and binding specificity with the appropriate proteinaceous substances. The metal nanoparticles are widely accepted as the antioxidants, and their prevalent usage inadvertently releases toxic metals that contribute as a major threat to our environment. This leads to the development of the integrated biocatalyst that acts as the robust carrier in the removal of hazardous pollutants in the wastewater. Heavy metals are considered to be a major threat to our environment due to industrialization and urbanization. Among various metals, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry has termed the heavy metal based on their intensity of toxicity and hazardous effects. The agency for toxic contaminants and disease registry has listed the various metals D. Vishnu · K. P. Gopinath · B. Dhandapani (*) Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai, India e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 Inamuddin et al. (eds.), Green Adsorbents to Remove Metals, Dyes and Boron from Polluted Water, Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 49, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47400-3_9
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like Be, Ba, Cu, Co, Cr, Ni, Zn, Mn, As, Pb, Hg, Cd, Pd, U, and V as the toxic pollutants responsible to damage the genetic mechanisms of both flora and fauna community via free radical production. Superparamagnetic support nanomaterials are prepared via Fe, Cu, Ni, Mn, and Mg and coated with the distinct materials like mesoporous and amorphous silica, polyvinyl alcohol and pyrrolidine, polyethylene glycol, polystyrene, chitosan, dextran, starch, gelatin, polystyrene, polyacrylic acid, and poly(methyl methacrylate). These surface-modified superparamagnetic support nanomaterials tend to possess the enhanced stability and specific reactivity in the system and are used in the elimination of organic and inorganic hazardous contaminants in the industrial wastewater. Keywords Immobilization · Nanoparticles · Pl
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