Metal Complex Bactericides with Detergent Properties
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Metal Complex Bactericides with Detergent Properties Academician A. Yu. Tsivadzea, A. Ya. Fridmana, A. K. Novikova,
I. Ya. Polyakovaa, and M. P. Shabanova,*
Received July 17, 2020; revised July 21, 2020; accepted August 4, 2020
Abstract—This communication describes the possibility of developing new metal complex bactericides with detergent properties that have no analogues. They irreversibly suppress bacteriophages, intestinal bacteria, virions, cocci, salmonella, trichomonas, and Becreus spores in fat-containing contaminants on the surfaces of various materials, in combination with washout of contaminants. In doses lethal to pathogens, the bactericide is safe for microflora, animals, and humans. The results seem to be relevant to the case of COVID-19 and possible worsening of the epidemiological situation. Keywords: bactericides, detergents, metal complexes, disinfection DOI: 10.1134/S0012500820090037
Currently, there are known bactericidal complexes [Cu(AC)NH3]X and Cu(Ida)NH3, where АC– are amino acid anions and Ida2‒ is the anion of C-substituted iminodiacetic acids (products made of hydrolysates of protein-containing wastes), X = Cl‒, 1/2SO24 − [1]. Products based on these compounds are used to treat deposits from waste treatment plants or waste repositories, in sanitary engineering, and household chemical goods instead of chlorine oxidants. The action of the complexes is based on the reactions
Cu(АС)NH3 + НY → NH4[Cu(АС)Y] or
Cu(Ida)NH3 + НY → NH4[Cu(Ida)Y], where Y is a group composed of radicals with amino groups ‒>C–NH3+ and carboxyl groups –COO‒ of substituents of amino acid residues in protein polypeptide chains, DNA and RNA. The inclusion of Cu(AC)+ or Cu(Ida) into native structures terminates nutrition, respiration, and excretion of microorganisms, leads to cell membrane charge neutralization and cell collapse, precludes excystation and viral replication, and inactivates enzymes [1]. In the biologically hazardous objects such as deposits of waste treatment facilities, the lethal dose (based on copper) of the complexes is 50–60 mg/kg of the medium (on a dry basis) for bacteriophages and microbes and 80–85 mg/kg for
helminth eggs and tick larvae, which is lower than the maximum allowable concentrations for these objects. The use of such doses does not prevent the vital activity of aquatic flora and soil microflora. In terms of toxic action, these bactericidal complexes refer to hazard category four [1]. However, their applicability for special treatment during COVID-19 pandemic proved to be limited. The complexes do not behave as detergents; they do not diffuse into human-made contaminants containing fats and oils, which act as the media for the development of pathogens and deposition of bacteriophages, in particular COVID-19. We developed a detergent based on iminodiacetate derivatives of polymucosaccharides and iminodiacetate derivatives of fatty acid triglycerides, which were called “polycomplexones” and are produced from hydrolysates of protein-containing wastes [2, 3]. It is clear that t
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