Metal oxide-based composite for non-enzymatic glucose sensors
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REVIEW
Metal oxide‑based composite for non‑enzymatic glucose sensors Shilin Liu1 · Wen Zeng1 · Qi Guo1 · Yanqiong Li2 Received: 14 June 2020 / Accepted: 11 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The increasing demand for monitoring the glucose concentration in the blood of diabetic patients has aroused the attention of researchers to prepare high-performance glucose biosensors. After decades of development, enzyme-based biosensors have gradually matured and commercialized, but they still suffer from insufficient stability due to the inherent defects of the enzyme. Non-enzymatic glucose sensor was proposed to address this issue. The introduction of nanotechnology has provided more possibilities for the preparation of highly efficient catalytic materials. Among the synthesized electrocatalysts, metal oxides are one of the most important components owing to their outstanding properties. Recent studies have integrated metal oxides with other materials to further improve sensor performance. This review focuses on the application of metal oxide-based hybrid structure in the glucose sensor, mainly including metal oxide/metal oxide, metal/metal oxide, and carbon material/metal oxide. The preparation method, electrochemical properties, and catalytic mechanism of the sensors are discussed in detail. Finally, we present some of the existing challenges and make personal predictions for the future development of non-enzymatic glucose sensors.
1 Introduction Glucose, as the main energy source of cells, is an essential organic substance for creatures. However, the insufficient insulin secretion or ineffective insulin utilization of the human body can lead to diabetes, which is characterized by high concentrations of glucose in the blood [1, 2]. The longterm high blood glucose concentration will pose a threat to human organs and cause a series of serious complications [3]. In recent years, with the continuous development of the economy and society, the incidence of diabetes has also gradually increased. Research by the International Diabetes Association predicted that the number of diabetics between the ages of 20 and 79 would increase to 642 million by 2040, which will put massive pressure on the global medical system and hinder economic development [4]. Monitoring the blood sugar level of diabetic patients plays an important role in the clinical treatment of diabetes [5].
* Wen Zeng [email protected] 1
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 400030, China
2
Up to now, tremendous efforts have been made to exploit accurate, rapid, and low-cost methods for glucose detection [6–9]. The electrochemical glucose sensor has received extensive attention owing to its excellent sensitivity and convenient operation. It is well known that the catalytic active substance immobilized on the electrode has a significant influenc
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