Metallomic Approach to Enhance Agricultural Application of Halophytes
Metallomics is an emerging area of research that describes the complete set of metallic elements within cells, tissues, and organs of the organism and characterizes the functional and structural networks formed by proteins, genes, and metabolites with tho
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ontents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 The Application of Metallomic Approach in Plant Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.1 Methodological Approach in Metallomics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3 Exploitation of Halophytes Toward the Main Environmental Challenges in Salinized Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 Halophyte Metallomolecules Involved in Removal of Metal Contaminants from Polluted Environmental Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 Metallomes and Their Biological and Physiological Functions in Halophytes: Field of Agricultural Improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.1 Metalloenzymes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5.2 Toward Halophytic Crops Tolerant to Abiotic Stresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5.3 Toward Biofortified Halophytic Crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 6 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Abstract
Metallomics is an emerging area of research that describes the complete set of metallic elements within cells, tissues, and organs of the organism and characterizes the functional and structural networks formed by proteins, genes, and metabolites with those metals. Since metallomics allows deep insight into synthesis and action of metallobiomolecules, as well as their regulation, it can be widely applied in studies concerning environmental responses of plants and other organisms, namely, in deciphering interactions between toxic and essential elements, identification of pollution biomarkers, and mechanisms of tolerance to abiotic stresses. In this chapter we focused on presenting the main challenges and directions in the utilization of halophytic species in agricultural practices. E. Hanus-Fajerska (*) · A. Wiszniewska · I. Kamińska · A. Koźmińska Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland e-mail: [email protected] ©
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