MicroRNA and Cardiovascular Disorders with a Focus on Angiogenesis
MicroRNAs are endogenous short regulatory RNA molecules that govern gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. They play central roles in a variety of biological processes, and their dysregulation is a feature of many pathologies. This chapter brie
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MicroRNA and Cardiovascular Disorders with a Focus on Angiogenesis Elena Cavarretta, Giacomo Frati, and Gianluigi Condorelli
Abstract MicroRNAs are endogenous short regulatory RNA molecules that govern gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. They play central roles in a variety of biological processes, and their dysregulation is a feature of many pathologies. This chapter briefly outlines microRNA biogenesis and highlights some microRNAs involved in the pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system. Keywords microRNA • Cardiovascular diseases • Angiogenesis • Nucleic acid • Messenger RNA • Cardiomyocyte • Endothelial cells
Abbreviations Ago AMO DGCR8
Argonaute Anti-miRNA oligonucleotide DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8
E. Cavarretta () Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy e-mail: [email protected] G. Frati Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy Department of Angiocardioneurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy G. Condorelli Humanitas Clinical and Research Center and Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council of Italy, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Mi), Italy Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0613C, USA J.L. Mehta and N.S. Dhalla (eds.), Biochemical Basis and Therapeutic Implications of Angiogenesis, Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease 6, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-5857-9_25, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
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ds Dyrk1a Egfl7 endo-shRNA endo-siRNA esi-RNA ERK/MAPK ETS Exp-5 GTPase H2O2 HPC HUVEC LNA Loqs miRISC miRNA miRNome MTg-AMO ncRNA NCX1 NFAT nt PDCD4 PI3KR2 pre-miRNA pri-miRNA RBD RISC RLC RNAi ROS semiRNA SERCA2a simtrons Sirt1 snoRNA TAR TGF-β TNF-α TRBP UTR VCAM-1 VEGF
E. Cavarretta et al.
Double-stranded Tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 1a Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 Endogenous short hairpin RNA Endogenous-small-interfering (endo-si) RNA Endoribonuclease-prepared siRNAs Extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase E26 transformation-specific sequence Exportin-5 Guanine triphosphatase Hydrogen peroxide Hypoxia preconditioning Human umbilical vein endothelial cells Locked nucleic acid Loquacious miRNA-programmed RISC microRNA miRNA transcriptome Multiple-target AMO Nonprotein-coding RNA Sodium–calcium exchanger 1 Nuclear factor of activated T-cells Nucleotide Programmed cell death 4 PI3K regulatory subunit 2 Precursor miRNA Primary miRNA RNA-binding domain RNA-induced silencing complex RISC loading complex RNA interference Reactive oxygen species Sibling of esiRNA Sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a Splicing-independent mirtron-like miRNAs Silent information regulator 1 Small nucleolar RNA Transactivation response Transforming growth factor-beta Tumor necrosis factor alpha TAR RNA-binding protein Untranslate
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