Microwave-Assisted Modification of Nonwoven Fabric: Inducing Absorbency and Antibacterial Properties
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ISSN 1229-9197 (print version) ISSN 1875-0052 (electronic version)
Microwave-Assisted Modification of Nonwoven Fabric: Inducing Absorbency and Antibacterial Properties N. Moini†, M. Ashkani†, and K. Kabiri* Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), Tehran 14975-112, Iran (Received February 2, 2019; Revised June 21, 2019; Accepted August 7, 2019) Abstract: Antibacterial absorbent structures have been fabricated in two steps through partially and fully-irradiation modification using the glycidyl crosslinked acrylate-based microgels, synthesized by inverse emulsion polymerization. ATRFTIR, SEM, optical microscope, as well as antibacterial activity, absorbency in DW and saline solution, have validated the modification process. The microstructures of fibrils have shown great integrity in coating, and absorbency has been induced to the both fully- and partially- irradiation modified structures. They have presented ample antibacterial behavior against S. aureus (Staphylococcus aureus); the ratio of inhibition zone area to the sheet area varies between 1.3 and 4.8 in terms of microgel chemical structure (comonomers) and reaction condition (thermal or microwave). Keywords: Absorbent structure, Nonwoven, Antibacterial, Inverse emulsion polymerization, Microwave
methacrylic acid, and then adding crosslinking agent to the system through heating step [21]. Nowadays antibacterial hydrogels and absorbents have been attracted a lot of attention particularly in medical applications [22,23]. There are different methods for inducing antibacterial properties to hydrogels; the most common strategy is doping typical antibiotics into the hydrogel networks. The efficiency of this type of hydrogels is limited by uncontrollable diffusion of antibiotics and timedependent performance [24]. The antibacterial absorbent polyester fiber, doped by antibiotics, have been prepared by grafting polymerization. They have shown great release of antibiotics; these fibers were proposed for surgical threads. However, the absorbency of the fibers in value are low and their antibacterial properties represent less efficiency by the time [25]. Correspondingly, silver and gold nanocomposite hydrogels have been synthesized [26-28]. However, the high expense of nanoparticle and the skin color change in touch with Ag nanoparticles are disadvantages of this nanocomposite hydrogels in addition to their challenging distribution in the hydrogel media [29-34]. Insertion of quaternary ammonium cation (QAC) is another approach to prepare antibacterial hydrogel. The polymer could have this moiety by its monomer [35] or by modification (e.g. Chitosan and its derivatives) [36,37]. Moreover, QAC can be introduced to the anionic hydrogel network via ion exchange reaction using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) [7]; Shahi et al. have modified granular SAP by thermal-induced ion exchange reaction, which is time- and energyconsuming. Irradiation-induced modification reactions are more preferable since they are fast and green enough [38]. The microwave irradiation
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