Millettia pinnata and Sesamum indicum seed oil based green pesticide formulations for the management of tea red spider m
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Millettia pinnata and Sesamum indicum seed oil based green pesticide formulations for the management of tea red spider mite, Oligonychus coffeae Nietner (Acari: Tetranychidae) Mridul Sarmah 1 & Tapan Talukdar 2 & Gautam Handique 3
&
Somnath Roy 1
Received: 22 April 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 # African Association of Insect Scientists 2020
Abstract Red spider mite, Oligonychus coffeae is an economically important pest of tea in major tea producing countries. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of five plant oil based formulations viz.., SOF, MOF, SMOF1:1, SMOF3:2 and SMOF2:3 prepared by considering individual as well as combination of Sesamum indicum and Millettia pinnata seed oil at different ratios of 1:0, 0:1, 1:1, 3:2 and 2:3, respectively against eggs and adults stages of O. coffeae. The experiments were done following leaf dip and direct spray methods. LC50 values of different formulations viz.., SOF, MOF, SMOF1:1, SMOF3:2 and SMOF2:3 against O. coffeae (adult females) were 3807.10 ppm, 4672.88, 3248.98, 4155.57 and 4610.55 ppm, respectively. The formulations also showed significant ovicidal and growth inhibitory activity against O. coffeae. Two season field bio-efficacy results indicated that the formulations are highly effective against O. coffeae and were superior to commonly used chemical acaricide, ethion 50EC. No phytotoxic symptoms were observed on tea leaves treated with these formulations. Black tea manufactured from tea shoots treated with these oil formulations were free from any taint and scored good (6–8 in 10 scale) in organoleptic test. The data suggests that plant oils of M. pinnata and S. indicum seeds alone and in combinations have potential to manage tea red spider mite in the field and can be recommended for eco-friendly management of mite pest in tea. Keywords Oligonychus coffeae . Tea . Essential oil . Millettia pinnata . Sesamum indicum
Introduction The red spider mite, Oligonychus coffeae Nietner (Acarina: Tetranychidae), is a cosmopolitan pest of more than 133 hosts including plants of agricultural importance (Roy et al. 2014). The life cycle of O. coffeae consists of egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph and adult stage. A female usually lays 4–6 eggs per day with a fecundity of about 21 eggs at 32 °C. The eggs are laid singly on the surface of the leaves, mostly along the midrib and veins. The mean pre-oviposition, oviposition and post* Gautam Handique [email protected] 1
Department of Entomology, Tocklai Tea Research Institute, Tea Research Association, Assam Jorhat 785008, India
2
Department of Entomology, North Bengal Regional Research & Development Centre, Tea Research Association, Nagrakata, West Bengal 735225, India
3
Advisory Department, Tocklai Tea Research Institute, Tea Research Association, 785008 Jorhat, Assam, India
oviposition periods at 32 °C are 0.8, 5.9 and 1.4 days, respectively with an incubation period between 3.5 and 4.5 days. The average duration of nymphal stages is 4.9 days at constant temperature
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