Comparative Analysis of Root Transcriptome Profiles of Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) in Response to Osmotic Stress
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Comparative Analysis of Root Transcriptome Profiles of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in Response to Osmotic Stress Qiushuo Song1,2 · Madhumita Joshi1 · Shichen Wang3 · Charles D. Johnson3 · Vijay Joshi1,2 Received: 8 January 2020 / Accepted: 17 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Sesame (Sesamum indicum L) is a high-value oilseed cash crop grown across different geographies. Although sesame is traditionally considered drought-tolerant, early seedling and vegetative stage plants are sensitive to drought, causing substantial yield losses. Roots are the sensors of water deficit and hence are determinants of drought stress-induced responses. Limited information is available about the molecular responses induced in sesame roots during osmotic stress. We performed RNAsequencing to understand transcriptional changes in the roots of drought-tolerant (TEX-1) and drought-sensitive (VEN-1) sesame genotypes using Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced osmotic stress. The photosynthetic measurements and proline accumulation confirmed contrasting drought stress reactions between the two genotypes. A total of 1251 and 541 unique genes were differentially expressed in PEG-treated and untreated roots of TEX-1 and VEN-1 roots, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes related to catalytic activity, ion binding, transferase activity, and cation binding activities were over-represented. Transcription-factor enrichment analysis showed that multiple members of WRKY, bZIP, MYB, and NAC families were over-represented in the roots of drought-tolerant genotype during osmatic stress. The study identified several genes involved in the primary metabolism, phenylpropanoid, and hormonal pathways induced in the roots of drought-tolerant genotype. The study provided a comparative transcriptome resource for understanding molecular responses underlying osmotic stress and identified target genes for enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in sesame. Keywords RNA-sequencing · Osmotic stress · Sesame · Roots · Phenylpropanoid · Hormonal pathway
Introduction Sesame (Sesamum indicum L) is a high-value oilseed cash crop grown across diverse geographies in tropical and subtropical environments. Sesame has offered a viable alternative and profitable rotation crop in the Southwestern United Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10230-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Vijay Joshi [email protected] 1
Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, 1619 Garner Field Road, Uvalde, TX 78801, USA
2
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
3
Texas A&M AgriLife Genomics and Bioinformatics Service, College Station, TX 77845, USA
States. Sesame oil is referred to as ‘queen of the oils’ due to its high unsaturated fatty acid content and resistance to oxidative deteriorati
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