Mixed-stock analyses of migratory, non-native Chinook salmon at sea and assignment to natal sites in fresh water at thei
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Mixed-stock analyses of migratory, non-native Chinook salmon at sea and assignment to natal sites in fresh water at their introduced range in South America Selim S. Musleh . Lisa W. Seeb . James E. Seeb . Billy Ernst Sergio Neira . Chris Harrod . Daniel Gomez-Uchida
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Received: 1 August 2019 / Accepted: 20 July 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Invasive species with migratory behavior and complex life cycles represent a challenge for evaluating natal sites among individuals. Private and government-sponsored initiatives resulted in the successful introduction and naturalization of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) throughout northern and southern Patagonia in South America. Migratory populations of Chinook salmon breed in fresh water, but spend most of their life feeding at sea, forming abundant populations in several watersheds Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-020-02319-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. S. S. Musleh Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias con Mencio´n en Manejo de Recursos Acua´ticos Renovables (MaReA), Faculty of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Universidad de Concepcio´n, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepcio´n, Chile S. S. Musleh L. W. Seeb J. E. Seeb B. Ernst S. Neira C. Harrod D. Gomez-Uchida Nu´cleo Milenio INVASAL, Concepcio´n, Chile S. S. Musleh D. Gomez-Uchida (&) Genomics in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation Laboratory, Departamento de Zoologı´a, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanogra´ficas, Universidad de Concepcio´n, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepcio´n, Chile e-mail: [email protected]
draining into the southeast Pacific Ocean. We used single nucleotide polymorphisms combined with genetic structure and mixed-stock analyses to evaluate natal sites of Chinook salmon at sea caught in one estuary and two coastal locations compared to reference populations from breeding sites in fresh water. Firstly, Bayesian individual-assignment analyses revealed no genetic structure among adults caught off the coast of the Tolte´n River and migrating (maturing) adults caught in Tolte´n River estuary, suggesting they likely belong to a single population. Secondly, mixed-stock genetic analyses revealed that most Chinook salmon caught in one estuary and two coastal locations likely originated from spawners from L. W. Seeb J. E. Seeb School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, 1122 NE Boat Street, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195-5020, USA B. Ernst S. Neira Departmento de Oceanografı´a, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanogra´ficas, Universidad de Concepcio´n, P.O. Box 160-C, Concepcio´n, Chile C. Harrod Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Alexander von Humboldt, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Recursos Biolo´gicos, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile C. Harrod Universidad de Antofagasta Stable Isotope Facility, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
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