Shallow-water tidal analysis at Sharm Obhur, Jeddah, Red Sea
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Shallow-water tidal analysis at Sharm Obhur, Jeddah, Red Sea V. R. Shamji 1 & T. C. Vineesh 1
Received: 21 February 2016 / Accepted: 26 December 2016 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2017
Abstract Comprehensive field data was collected at Sharm Obhur. This data was processed and analyzed using different harmonic analysis techniques during the period of 2013. Since the measurement of the data was from a shallow-water creek, the data was full of noise and hence was filtered using the MATLAB code. Harmonic analysis techniques such as IOS and Admiralty methods were used for deriving major and minor tidal constituents. The variability in the shallowwater constituents and their selective amplifications were studied with derived constituents. The tidal regime classifications using form factor were carried out by using derived tidal constituents as applied and have been effectively tested in the field condition. The form factor study also shows the mixed semidiurnal nature of the tide in the creek and has been verified with field conditions. The contribution of sea-level variations of shallowwater constituents, Zo, was investigated and analyzed. The study has great practical potential for sea-level variation study and hydrographic-related applications in this region.
Keywords Tidal constituents . Harmonic analysis . Seal-level change
* V. R. Shamji [email protected]
1
Department of Hydrographic Surveying, Faculty of Maritime Studies, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80401, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Introduction Tides are the periodic rise and fall of the sea water level due to astronomical gravitational pull and the centrifugal force generated by the earth’s rotation. A high tide may provide enough depth to enter or leave a harbor, while a low tide may prevent entering or leaving a harbor. Nowadays, tidal information is critical for ships due to their size and capacity as well as for biological productivity. Therefore, accurate tidal predictions are essential in tidal zone harbors and their approaches where depths and widths leave little narrow for error. Thus, precise tidal measurement and predictions are important for shipping safety, economy, and other physical and biological activities. Tidal variations in the Red sea are spatially more dynamic and have more influence on the physical and biological processes. Saudi Arabia and Yemen lie in the eastern part of the Red Sea. A two-dimensional modeling study contributes the study of major semidiurnal and diurnal tidal constituents and existence of amphidromic system in the central part of the Red Sea (Madah et al. 2015). The scientific study of tidal analysis in the Red Sea is lacking (Madah et al. 2015). The lacuna is due to different factors such as uneven distribution of tide gauges over the Red Sea coast and lack of data resources. The theoretical study of tides of the Red Sea has been done by several investigators during the last century, which provides a dynamical explanation of actual tides. Hence, comprehensive study on the
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