Mobile sink-based energy efficient cluster head selection strategy for wireless sensor networks
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Mobile sink‑based energy efficient cluster head selection strategy for wireless sensor networks Vinith Chauhan1 · Surender Soni1 Received: 30 October 2018 / Accepted: 16 September 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Energy efficient routing protocol is the requirement of today’s wireless sensor networks. Various protocols have been developed in order to create an energy efficient wireless sensor network, but still some loopholes exist in this domain and energy hole is one of them. Energy hole refers to the early energy diminution of those nodes that are near to the sink. This study introduced a mobile sink based energy aware clustering mechanism to enhance the lifetime of the network by overcoming the issue of energy holes. In proposed work, the network is initially divided into the number of rectangular regions and each region is comprised of one cluster head (CH). The nature-inspired firefly optimization algorithm is used to select cluster heads where residual energy, average node to node distance and distance from the node to sink are the decisive parameters of the process. The sink moves in the observing field after estimating the centroid location of the CHs. The performance of the proposed work is compared with the LEACH, LEACH-GA, A-LEACH, MIEEPB, and MSIEEP by using Matlab simulation platform. The result section represents the proficiency of the proposed MSECA protocol over traditional techniques in term of network lifetime, packet delivery ratio and packet delay. Keywords Wireless sensor network (WSN) · Mobile sink · Energy efficient protocols (EEP) · Cluster head (CH) · Firefly optimization
1 Introduction The wireless sensor network (WSN) is a set of multiple micro sensor nodes and these nodes are capable to intellect the environment and gather data from its surroundings, then data is forwarded to the sink (Yang et al. 2013). WSN has a wide range of applications such as military, industrial, healthcare, environmental monitoring, agriculture, and intrusion detection etc. (Pantazis et al. 2013; Kumar and Kumar 2018). In WSN, nodes have restricted energy capability, and in several application nodes are positioned in the harsh ambiance thus it is difficult to replace or recharge the node’s battery (Han et al. 2014). Thus the effective utilization of energy is necessary to enhance the lifetime of * Vinith Chauhan [email protected] Surender Soni [email protected] 1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
nodes. The node’s energy is utilized to perform operations such as sensing, transmitting data, receiving data and data aggregation in the network. Data aggregation is a process in which multiple copies of common data are removed and uncorrelated noise among the data is reduced (Siavoshi et al. 2016). In WSN, data is routed to sink through a path made of the nodes (Juhi et al. 2015). Nodes can communicate with the sink through single-hop or mult
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