Modern-Day Xenophobia Critical Historical and Theoretical Perspectiv
This book engages the topic of xenophobia from both psychological and socio-political approaches. Recently, xenophobia as a social standpoint or social attitude has come under increased scrutiny by the public, scholars, and educators; however, few works h
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Oksana Yakushko
Modern-Day Xenophobia
Oksana Yakushko
Modern-Day Xenophobia Critical Historical and Theoretical Perspectives on the Roots of Anti-Immigrant Prejudice
Oksana Yakushko Department of Clinical Psychology Pacifica Graduate Institute Carpinteria, CA, USA
ISBN 978-3-030-00643-3 ISBN 978-3-030-00644-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00644-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018959242 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: © Harvey Loake This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Contents
1 Introduction 1 References 7 2 Hatred of Strangers: Defining Xenophobia and Related Concepts 11 Xenomania and Xenophilia 12 Xenophobia 12 Xenophobia in Relation to Nativism, Ethnocentrism, Populism, and Extreme Nationalism 14 Xenophobia in Relation to Racism 16 Distinct Signifiers and Outcomes of Xenophobia: Accented Language and Occupational Downgrading 18 Xenophobia in Relation to Anti-semitism 21 Xenophobia in Relation to Islamophobia 22 Xenophobia in Relation to Colonization and Globalization 22 References 23 3 The Immigrant Tides: Xenophobia in Western History Xenophobia as Neither Universal Nor Historically Invariable 33 Historical Causes of Human Migrations 34 Historic Xenophobic Treatment of Jews and Other Foreigners in Europe 36 v
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Contents
Historical Role of Xenophobia in Enslavement of People 37 Xenophobic Determinants of Unfitness: Social Darwinism and Eugenics in Modern History 38 Recent History of Xenophobia: Fantasizing Immigrant Threats and Fetishizing Immigrants 46 Xenophobic Violence and Brutality 51 References 52 4 Germs, Peacocks, and Scheming Domestics: Theories That Construc
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