Molecular Basis Associated with the Control of Primordial Follicle Activation During Transplantation of Cryopreserved Ov
- PDF / 800,301 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 42 Downloads / 169 Views
REVIEW
Molecular Basis Associated with the Control of Primordial Follicle Activation During Transplantation of Cryopreserved Ovarian Tissue Carmen Terren 1 & Carine Munaut 1 Received: 23 April 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 # Society for Reproductive Investigation 2020
Abstract Cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue represent a promising fertility preservation technique for prepubertal patients or for patients requiring urgent oncological management. However, this technique has some limitations, including follicular loss directly after transplantation mainly due to ischaemic damage but also due to activation of primordial follicles (also known as follicular burnout), leading to follicular reserve loss in the graft and thereby potentially reducing its lifespan. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)/ Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), and Hippo signalling pathways are involved in primordial follicle activation. Here, we review the basic mechanisms linked to the follicle activation that occurs after cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue. A better understanding of the crosstalk between the different signalling pathways may lead to potential improvement of fertility restoration by extending graft lifespan through selective control of the activation of dormant follicles after transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. Keywords Fertility preservation . Cryopreservation . Transplantation . Follicular activation . Signalling pathways
Introduction Advances in the treatment of cancer patients have significantly increased life expectancy. From this observation, a growing interest in improving long-term quality of life for patients in remission has emerged, including the ability to have biological children. Unfortunately, cancer therapies (radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy) increase the risk of infertility and ovarian failure in very young children and young adult women [1]. Thus, the treatments for these patients can lead to premature menopause and consequently, infertility. One option to preserve the fertility of these patients is cryopreservation of ovarian cortical tissue containing immature primordial follicles followed by autotransplantation (OTCTP) [2]. OTCTP is the only option available for prepubertal patients, female patients requiring urgent therapy for aggressive malignancies and
* Carine Munaut [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Site Sart-Tilman, Tour de Pathologie Building 23/4, Avenue Hippocrate, 13, 4000 Liege, Belgium
those suffering from hormone-sensitive malignancies [3]. To date, more than 130 live births after OTCTP have been reported worldwide, with a live birth rate between 20 and 40% [3–6]. Advantages of autotransplantation of cryostored ovarian tissue are the restoration of both the endocrine and fertility functions of the gonads, as well as the ongoing fertility provid
Data Loading...
