Morphology and taxonomy of seven marine sand-dwelling Amphidiniopsis species (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae), including two
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Morphology and taxonomy of seven marine sand-dwelling Amphidiniopsis species (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae), including two new species, A. konovalovae sp. nov. and A. striata sp. nov., from the Sea of Japan, Russia Marina S. Selina & Mona Hoppenrath
Received: 27 June 2012 / Revised: 13 September 2012 / Accepted: 19 September 2012 / Published online: 23 October 2012 # Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
Abstract Seven marine sand-dwelling dinoflagellate species, two of them new and one unidentified, of the genus Amphidiniopsis were recorded in sublittoral sand along the northwestern coast of the Sea of Japan. Their morphological features were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Amphidiniopsis konovalovae sp. nov. is dorsoventrally flattened, 36.0–52.5 μm long, 30.3–45.1 μm wide. The plate formula is APC 4′ 2a 7″ 4c 5 s 5‴ 2″″. The thecal plates possess large pores and are ornamented with closely-spaced small spines. Amphidiniopsis striata sp. nov. is dorsoventrally flattened, 35.2–47.4 μm long and 28.8–39.8 μm wide. The plate formula is APC 4′ 1a 7″ 4c? 4(5)s 5‴ 2″″. The thecal plates are ornamented with long longitudinal ridges with large and small pores between them. Intraspecific morphological variability for Amphidiniopsis uroensis and Amphidiniopsis pectinaria has been documented. For A. pectinaria, the left anterior and middle sulcal plates were recorded for the first time, changing the plate formula to: APC 4′ 3a 6″ 3c 6 s 5‴ 2″″. For A. rotundata, the middle sulcal plate was shown clearly for the first time. The tabulation of the ventral area of A. arenaria was reinterpreted changing the plate formula to APC 4′ 3a 7″ 6c 4 s 5‴ 2″″; the first precingular plate is now identified as the anterior M. S. Selina (*) A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology FEB RAS, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690041, Russia e-mail: [email protected] M. Hoppenrath Senckenberg Research Institute, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Südstrand 44, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
sulcal plate. A canal plate in the APC was shown for the first time for A. arenaria. Keywords Dinoflagellates . Intraspecific variability . Morphology . Sand-dwelling . Sea of Japan . Taxonomy
Introduction The genus Amphidiniopsis was introduced by Woloszynska to include the type species Amphidiniopsis kofoidii described from the Baltic Sea littoral plankton (Woloszynska 1928). In 1950, Gail described the species Amphidiniopsis urnaeformis from the coastal plankton of the northeastern Sea of Japan (Gail 1950). In the course of the study of sand beaches of Roscoff, Balech described three new species of the genus Thecadinium Kofoid et Skogsberg: T. hirsutum, T. swedmarkii and T. dragescoi (Balech 1956), which were subsequently transferred to the genus Amphidiniopsis (Dodge 1982; Hoppenrath et al. 2012). Following the studies of marine sand-dwelling dinoflagellates of the temperate and subtropical zones at the end of the past–beginning of the current centu
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