Morphophysiological and biochemical attributes influence intra-genotypic preference of shoot fly [ Atherigona soccata (R
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Morphophysiological and biochemical attributes influence intra-genotypic preference of shoot fly [Atherigona soccata (Rondani)] among sorghum genotypes Archana Kumari 1
&
Meenakshi Goyal 2 & Ravinder Kumar 3 & R. S. Sohu 2
Received: 4 March 2020 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Shoot fly [Atherigona soccata (Rondani)] is a destructive pest of sorghum at the seedling stage and causes huge losses to grain yield and green fodder. The host-plant resistance mechanism is the best approach to reduce the attack of insects in plants. The damage parameters, morphophysiological traits, and biochemical metabolites had been investigated in the leaves and stem of contrasting sorghum genotypes, viz., resistant (IS18551, ICSV705, ICSV700), moderately resistant (PSC-4), and susceptible (SWARNA and SL-44) at 15 and 21 days after emergence (DAE) against shoot fly infestation. The resistant genotypes recorded lowest shoot fly oviposition and incidence (0.3–0.7 eggs plant−1 and 10–15%) than the susceptible genotypes (2.4–3.0 eggs plant−1 and 70–80%), respectively. The susceptible genotype SWARNA recorded 50% and 80% higher deadheart formation than the resistant genotype IS18551 at 15 and 21 DAE, respectively. Resistant genotypes exhibited higher trichome density at adaxial and abaxial part of leaf (118–145 and 106–131) with pink colored leaf sheath (scale 1.50–3.25), glossy leaves (scale1.00–1.25), and lower leaf surface wetness (scale1.25–2.00) compared with susceptible genotype with 49.3–73.3 and 25.3–64.0, scale 2.50– 4.00, scale 2.75–3.50, and scale 3.25–4.25 for the respective parameters. Another defense response of sorghum toward the insect attack was modulation of plant metabolism. The infested genotypes responded to insect attack by upregulation of total soluble sugar, total phenol, prussic acid, and chlorophyll content by 1.2–2.1-fold, 1.5–2.0-fold, 1.2–1.3-fold, and 1.2–3.9-fold with more induction in susceptible genotypes at 21 DAE. On the whole, the present study indicates that morphophysiological and biochemical attributes contribute toward the resistance mechanism in sorghum against shoot fly infestation. Keywords Biochemical metabolites . Host-plant resistance . Morphophysiological traits . Shoot fly . Sorghum
Introduction Plants being the sessile organism are constantly exposed to diverse types of potential pests/pathogens. Plants and insects have coevolved over millennia to overcome and bypass each other’s defense responses (Dyer et al. 2018). With the ability Handling Editor: Peter Nick * Archana Kumari [email protected] 1
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
2
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
3
Department of vegetable Crops, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
to identify foreign molecules or signals from infected cells, plants continuously sight for new strategies, and in return, insects
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