Multi metal oxide NiO-Fe 2 O 3 -CdO nanocomposite-synthesis, photocatalytic and antibacterial properties
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Multi metal oxide NiO‑Fe2O3‑CdO nanocomposite‑synthesis, photocatalytic and antibacterial properties Faisal Mukhtar1 · Tauseef Munawar1 · Muhammad Shahid Nadeem1 · Murtaza Hasan2 · Fayyaz Hussain3 · Muhammad Asif Nawaz4 · Faisal Iqbal1 Received: 26 April 2020 / Accepted: 30 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Binary NiO-Fe2O3, NiO-CdO nanocomposites, and ternary NiO-Fe2O3-CdO nanocomposite are synthesized using facile co-precipitation method, and their photocatalytic and antibacterial properties are studied. The as-obtained products are characterized using different analytical techniques. The microstructural parameters were calculated using X-ray diffraction data. UV–vis spectra technique was used to calculate the bandgap and listed 3.1, 2.7, and 2.5 eV for NiO-Fe2O3, NiO-CdO, and NiO-Fe2O3-CdO nanocomposite, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of as-obtained products was tested under visible light against methylene blue (MB) dye. The NiO-Fe2O3-CdO nanocomposite has shown higher degradation efficiency as compared to binary nanocomposites and revealed improve electron–hole separation efficiency. The photocatalytic performance of NiO-Fe2O3-CdO nanocomposite was also tested for other synthetic dyes such as rhodamine-B (RhB), methyl orange (MO), and cresol red (CR). The antibacterial performance of grown products was tested against E. coli bacteria. The ternary NiOFe2O3-CdO nanocomposite has shown higher antibacterial activity than binary NiO-Fe2O3 and NiO-CdO nanocomposites. Keywords Antibacterial activity · Photocatalytic activity · Binary NiO-Fe2O3 · NiO-CdO nanocomposites · Ternary NiOFe2O3-CdO nanocomposites
1 Introduction Environmental pollution due to dyes and organic pigments is a global issue with the rapid development in the industrial zones [1–3]. Artificial dyes are used in many industrial applications like shading, paint, textile, and medical laboratories. These pollutants mix with the water and create adverse effects on human health due to their toxic nature [4–7]. This urge researchers to find some solutions to overcome these problems. To decompose these organic dyes, * Faisal Iqbal [email protected] 1
Department of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
2
Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
3
Materials Simulation Research Laboratory (MSRL), Department of Physics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 66000, Pakistan
4
Department of Physics, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan
different methods have been applied, including photocatalytic activity, advanced oxidation process, biological treatment, and adsorption, etc., [8–11]. Among these techniques, photocatalytic technology is an effective method for the degradation of organic pollutants due to its eco-friendly, low cost, green processability, and utilizing full energy from the solar spectrum [12–14]. On the other hand, micro-organisms such as bacteria can
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