Multi-scale mammal responses to agroforestry landscapes in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: the conservation value of fore
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Multi-scale mammal responses to agroforestry landscapes in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: the conservation value of forest and traditional shade plantations Aluane Silva Ferreira . Carlos A. Peres
. Pavel Dodonov . Camila Righetto Cassano
Received: 21 February 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The future of tropical forest biodiversity will largely depend on human-modified landscapes. We investigated how medium- to large-bodied mammals respond to factors at local (habitat type), intermediate (land use heterogeneity, forest cover and human population density) and large spatial scales (overall forest cover) in agroforestry landscapes. We surveyed mammals using camera traps in traditional cacao agroforests (cabrucas), intensified cacao agroforests, and forest remnants within two large Atlantic Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-020-00553-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. A. S. Ferreira C. R. Cassano Post-Graduate Program in Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation, Applied Ecology and Conservation Lab, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhe´usItabuna, Km16 Salobrinho, Ilhe´us, Bahia 45662-000, Brazil
Forest landscapes of southern Bahia, Brazil, representing both high and low forest cover. At the local scale, habitat types differed in their potential to harbour mammal species, with forest remnants and cabrucas showing high conservation value, mainly under contexts of high forest cover, whereas intensified cacao agroforests contained less diversified species assemblages in both landscapes. At intermediate scales, species richness increased with increasing forest cover around forest remnants and intensified cacao agroforests, but the opposite was observed in cabrucas. The effects of human population density were ubiquitous but species-dependent. At the largest scale, species richness was higher in the most forested P. Dodonov Institute of Biology, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Bara˜o de Jeremoabo 668 - Ondina, Salvador, BA 40170-115, Brazil
C. A. Peres (&) Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK e-mail: [email protected] C. A. Peres Departamento de Ecologia e Sistema´tica, Universidade Federal da Paraı´ba, Joa˜o Pessoa, Brazil
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landscape, highlighting the imperative of maintaining forest remnants to retain forest-dwelling mammals in human-dominated landscapes. We claim that mammal conservation strategies require a multi-scale approach and that no single strategy is likely to maximize persistence of all species. Some species can routinely use traditional agroforests, and a large fraction of mammal diversity can be maintained even if high canopy-cover agroforestry dominates the landscape. Nevertheless, forest patches and highly forested landscapes are essential to ensure the persistence of forest-dwelli
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