Matrilineal evidence for demographic expansion, low diversity and lack of phylogeographic structure in the Atlantic fore
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Matrilineal evidence for demographic expansion, low diversity and lack of phylogeographic structure in the Atlantic forest endemic Greenish Schiffornis Schiffornis virescens (Aves: Tityridae) G. S. Cabanne • E. H. R. Sari • D. Meyer F. R. Santos • C. Y. Miyaki
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Received: 14 January 2012 / Revised: 19 August 2012 / Accepted: 24 September 2012 Ó Dt. Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V. 2012
Abstract Studies of Atlantic forest (AF) organisms suggest that the historical dynamics of the forest cover produced demographically stable populations in its central region and unstable populations in the southern regions. We studied the mitochondrial phylogeographic structure of an AF passerine, the Greenish Schiffornis Schiffornis virescens (Tityridae), and evaluated questions related to the history of the AF. We analyzed cytochrome b and control region sequences of the mitochondrial genome by traditional phylogenetic and population genetic methods based on summary statistics. In addition, we used coalescent simulations to evaluate specific models of evolution of the populations of S. virescens. The results did not support
Communicated by J. Fjeldsa˚.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10336-012-0901-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. G. S. Cabanne D. Meyer C. Y. Miyaki Departamento de Gene´tica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biocieˆncias, Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Rua do Mata˜o 277, Sa˜o Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil G. S. Cabanne CONICET, Av. Rivadavia 1917, C1033AAJ Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina G. S. Cabanne (&) Divisio´n de Ornitologı´a, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ´ ngel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR Ciudad de ‘‘B. Rivadavia’’, A Buenos Aires, Argentina e-mail: [email protected] E. H. R. Sari F. R. Santos Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Cieˆncias Biolo´gicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antoˆnio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
phylogeographic partitions of the genetic variability of S. virescens. The overall Ust was = 0.32 and gene flow between regions was moderate to high. The analyses suggested that the total population of S. virescens suffered a bottleneck followed by a demographic expansion in the late Pleistocene. The bottleneck might have contributed to the extinction of intraspecific lineages, and hence to the observed lack of a strong phylogeographic pattern and low genetic diversity. Our results suggest that some AF taxa have had all their populations similarly affected by the recent history of the biome, contrary to what has been revealed from most of the other phylogeographic studies in the region and as suggested by a model of AF refuges (the Carnaval–Moritz model). We suggest that the response of organisms to common histories may be idiosyncratic, and predictions about the history of the biome should take into account ecological characteristics and distribution of each specific taxa. Keywords Atlantic forest Phylogeography mtDNA Schif
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