Multidimensional Study on Spall Behavior of High-Purity Copper Under Sliding Detonation
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SPALL is a dynamic material failure mode that occurs when tensile stresses are generated by the interaction of two release waves. If the state of stress at this interaction is greater than the strength of a ductile material, then there will be nucleation, growth, and coalescence of voids in the form of a spall plane.[1–3] Spall fracture can be affected by a number of factors. This subject has been widely investigated by a lot of researchers.[4–6] It has been shown that the damage fields were observed to depend on the grain size for similar loading conditions.[7,8] Fensin et al.[9] has demonstrated that boundaries perpendicular to the loading direction are an order of magnitude more susceptible to failure than those parallel to the loading direction. Luo et al.[10] has found that Taylor wave loading results in higher spall strength than the supported shock loading at the same impact velocities, and the spall strength can be YANG YANG, Professor, is with the School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China, and also with the Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China, and also with the National Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, and also with the Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Material Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. ZHIQIANG PENG and SHUHONG LUO, Masters, are with the School of Material Science and Engineering, Central South University. Contact e-mail: [email protected] ZHAOLIANG GUO, TIEGANG TANG, and HAIBO HU, Researchers, are with the Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics. QINGMING ZHANG, Researcher, is with the National Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology. Manuscript submitted February 23, 2015. METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
similar for both loadings with the same peak free surface velocities. X-ray computer tomography (XRCT) has been widely applied to the investigation of spall with the development of technology. Brown et al.[11] investigated the global and local microstructural weak links for spall damage using 3-D characterization in polycrystalline and multicrystalline copper samples. Qi et al.[12] characterized spall damage in shock-recovered ultrapure Al with metallography and X-ray tomography. McDonald et al.[13] characterized the damage evolution in the recovered targets using X-ray tomography. However, most of the previous works focused on the spall behavior under ideal one-dimensional loading, such as plate impact and high explosive lenses, whereas the spall behavior in non-ideal one-dimensional conditions have been less studied. Therefore, the main objective addressed in this study was to investigate the effect of shock loading and heat treatment histories on the spall behavior of copper under sliding detonation with metallography and X-ray tomography.
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EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDU
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