Muscles, Nerves, and Pain A Guide to Diagnosis, Pain Concepts, and T
Many patients suffer from problems in their muscles or nerves in combination with pain. This book is about the complex interplay between the causes of these problems and the puzzle they pose. Pain is the subjective experience of a psychophysical phenomeno
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Muscles, Nerves, and Pain A Guide to Diagnosis, Pain Concepts and Therapy Second Edition
Muscles, Nerves, and Pain
Wilfred A. Nix
Muscles, Nerves, and Pain A Guide to Diagnosis, Pain Concepts, and Therapy Second edition With 102 figures
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Nix, Wilfred A. Professor of Neurology Department of Neurology University Medical Center Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
ISBN 978-3-662-53718-3 978-3-662-53719-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-53719-0 Springer © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2012, 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover Design: deblik Berlin Graphic design and layout: Berthold Matthäus, Mühltal Cover illustration: © Prof. Nix, Mainz Illustrations: Fotosatz-Service Köhler GmbH – Reinhold Schöberl, Würzburg Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany The registered company address is: Heidelberger Platz 3, 14197 Berlin, Germany
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Acknowledgments I would like to thank all those who encouraged me to write this book and who helped in editing and getting it published. For the first edition I would particularly like to thank Dr. Dieter Bonke, who coordinated much of the work that had to be done, and Berthold Matthäus for the graphic design and layout. For the second edition I thank the continuing support of Springer represented by Diana Kraplow, Astrid Horlacher, and Isabella Athanassiou. Their help guided me through the book’s revision. I am also indebted to my patients, who were a constand motivation while writing the book. Finally I would like to thank my wife, Brigitte, for her patience and constant support and care.
Contents Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
1
Basics of anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8
Motor system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
