Nanocellulose-based products for sustainable applications-recent trends and possibilities
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Nanocellulose-based products for sustainable applicationsrecent trends and possibilities R. Reshmy . Eapen Philip . Sherely A. Paul . Aravind Madhavan . Raveendran Sindhu . Parameswaran Binod . Ashok Pandey . Ranjna Sirohi
Received: 15 July 2020 / Accepted: 20 September 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The bio-based products can provide a solution to the problems associated with petroleum shortages and waste treatment. Nanocellulose development has raised massive interest for a variety of applications pertinent to the material engineering to biomedical fields due to its biodegradable nature, impressive optical properties, anisotropic shape, high mechanical strength, excellent biocompatibility and tailorable surface chemistry. The nanocellulose composites show improved properties compared to other biopolymers due to their high surface area and large
aspect ratio of nanoparticles. In this review, a clear overview of nanocellulose extraction, structural properties, sources and their applications in versatile fields are discussed. The foreseen markets of nanocellulose products can be categorised into different levels namely low-end, mid-range and high-end applications. An interdisciplinary research is essential to commercialize nanocellulose based products for sustainable applications.
R. Reshmy (&) E. Philip S. A. Paul Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara, Kerala 690 110, India e-mail: [email protected]
A. Pandey Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIRIndian Institute for Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), 31 MG Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
A. Madhavan Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Jagathy, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695 014, India
R. Sirohi Department of Post Harvest Process and Food Engineering, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263 145, India
R. Sindhu P. Binod Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIRNational Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, India
123
Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol
Graphic abstract
Keywords Nanocellulose Biomass Packaging Optical materials Biomedical Water purification
1 Introduction Natural fibers are considered as one of the most abundant and inexpensive polymers and as a primary source for the production of green end materials on an industrial scale. Typically natural fibers are made of lignin, pectin, hemicellulose, cellulose and waxes, from which cellulose can be easily extracted using chemical treatments and modifications (Mathew et al. 2010; Kargar Zadeh et al. 2017; Deepa et al. 2019). Due to its excellent properties, like structural stability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, cellulose materials are often used as raw materials in paper industry, pharmaceuticals and textiles for more than 150 years (Abitbol et al. 2016; Bhat et al. 2017). Nanocellulose (NC) have drawn researchers interest in the field of developin
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