Nanoindentation in materials research: Past, present, and future
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uction George M. Pharr It is an honor and a delight to be here this evening and have the opportunity to give the inaugural address for this new award. Warren and I have been working together for a long time. We attended graduate school together, and later, in 1985, started working together on nanoindentation. This has led to a number of years of great collaborations and also a great friendship. While preparing our talk today, it seemed hard to believe that we have now been collaborating for a full quarter of a century. When Warren and I first discussed how we would present this talk, we decided that rather than each of us talking for 20 minutes straight, we would do a “Click” and “Clack” presentation. I assume everybody knows “Click” and “Clack,”* so I will be “Click,” Warren is “Clack,” and we will “click in” or “clack out” whenever we feel the need to. I will start by explaining what we would like to accomplish in the talk today. First, we would like to very briefly cover some of the history of our involvement in the development of nanoindentation. Warren, together with John Pethica, while
*
“Click and Clack” refers to Car Talk hosts Tom Magliozzi and Ray Magliozzi.
they were working together at Brown Boveri in Switzerland, was responsible for the development of the first commercial nanoindenter, and he will tell you something about what drove that and how they did it. I will then talk about the activity that brought Warren and me together, starting in 1985. In a nutshell, we wanted to understand how to make full use of the instrument, and we started thinking about ways to measure properties in an absolute rather than relative sense with a load and depth-sensing indentation system. I will then discuss some of the applications we envisaged at that time. The presentation will then deal more with the present and the future, and, in particular, the directions we believe the field is moving. So for most of the talk today, we will discuss the developments that were not obvious in 1985, and some of the many developments that we never imagined would become important in the world of nanoindentation. Before I start, I would like to acknowledge and thank the people responsible for giving us this award, and the numerous colleagues who have worked with us over the years, some of whom are here today. In my case, these include post-docs and students, and in Warren’s case, colleagues from Oak Ridge National Lab and from companies where he has worked. Unfortunately, there are too many names to mention individually. We would also like to acknowledge the great support over the years from MRS and the
Warren C. Oliver, Nanomechanics, Inc., and FFD, Inc, TN; [email protected] George M. Pharr, University of Tennessee, Knoxville; [email protected]
MRS BULLETIN • VOLUME 35 • NOVEMBER 2010 • www.mrs.org/bulletin
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NANOINDENTATION IN MATERIALS RESEARCH: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE
Journal of Materials Research. MRS has been the primary society for nanoindentation research since the 1980s. Starting with a series of MRS sympo
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