Nanostructured layered vanadium oxide as cathode for high-performance sodium-ion batteries: a perspective
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Nanostructured layered vanadium oxide as cathode for high-performance sodium-ion batteries: a perspective Wen Luo, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique: Approche Multi-échelles des Milieux Complexes, Institut Jean Barriol, Université de Lorraine, Metz 57070, France Jean-Jacques Gaumet, Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique: Approche Multi-échelles des Milieux Complexes, Institut Jean Barriol, Université de Lorraine, Metz 57070, France Liqiang Mai, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Address all correspondence to Jean-Jacques Gaumet at [email protected] and Liqiang Mai at [email protected] (Received 22 January 2017; accepted 7 April 2017)
Abstract Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have received intensive attentions owing to the abundant and inexpensive sodium (Na) resource. Layered vanadium oxides are featured with various valence states and corresponding compounds, and through multi-electron reaction they are capable to deliver high Na storage capacity. The rational construction of unique structures is verified to improve their Na storage properties. This perspective provides an overview of recent advances in layered vanadium oxide for SIBs, with a particular focus on construction of novel nanostructures, and mechanism studies via in situ characterization. Finally, we predict possible breakthroughs and future trends that lie ahead for high-performance layered vanadium oxides SIBs cathode.
Introduction Recently, there are increasing concerns of sustainable energy and environment due to the growing consumption of nonrenewable fossil fuels. The urgent requirement for clean and renewable energy sources has stimulated the rapid development of efficient, stable and reliable electricity supply systems. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely utilized in modern society such as in portable electronic device, electrical vehicles (EVs), and large-scale grid.[1–3] Recently, with the great concerns about the limited lithium (Li) resource, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have emerged as one of promising alternatives to LIBs due to its abundant and inexpensive sodium (Na) resource.[4,5] Meanwhile, Na has been studied to exhibit suitable redox potential and similar intercalation chemistry to Li; thus, SIBs hold promise to be viable complement or replacement to LIBs as the next-generation energy storage device.[6,7] However, the larger radius of Na+ ions requires an expanding host space when a typical sodiation/desodiation process occurs. Consequently the size effect of Na+ ions would result in severe damage on the lattice structure of the host. Besides, Na+ ions are demonstrated to exhibit lower diffusion rate compared with Li+ ions. Therefore, the understanding and development of reliab
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