Naturalization of Striped Seabream Lithognathus mormyrus (Sparidae) in the Black Sea
- PDF / 642,017 Bytes
- 5 Pages / 612 x 792 pts (letter) Page_size
- 71 Downloads / 160 Views
ralization of Striped Seabream Lithognathus mormyrus (Sparidae) in the Black Sea E. P. Karpova* Institute of Marine Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastopol, 299011 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received June 10, 2019; revised April 29, 2020; accepted May 18, 2020
Abstract—The morphological and biological characteristics of the striped seabream Lithognathus mormyrus of the Black Sea were investigated. The conclusion about the naturalization of this species in the Black Sea as a result of the natural process of mediterranization was made on the basis of numerous finds of adult individuals and juveniles of this species. Keywords: alien species, mediterranization, ichthyofauna, Black Sea, Crimea, Lithognathus mormyrus DOI: 10.1134/S2075111720030042
INTRODUCTION The ichthyofauna of the Black Sea is constantly replenished with new representatives of the AtlanticMediterranean faunistic complex, and the process of their invasion has even received a special name—mediterranization. This process is due to the specific history of the formation of this water basin and, first of all, its relatively recent reunion with the Mediterranean Sea, which opened a corridor for the settlement of the Mediterranean fauna. The main limiting factor for the latter is lower salinity compared to the oceans, and for heat-loving species, it is also winter water temperatures. In this regard, the new species that are observed in the Black Sea have a different status. Fish such as northern blue whiting Micromesistius poutassou (Risso, 1827), common tarsier Dactylopterus volitans (Linnaeus, 1758), and others known from a few finds, single or extremely irregular (Yankova et al., 2013; Boltachev and Karpova, 2014b), are random. For a number of invaders observed regularly, such as round sardinella Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847 and thicklip grey mullet Chelon labrosus (Risso, 1827), the Black Sea is not included in the reproductive part of the range. However, for some recently discovered species, a naturalization process was noted, during which stable self-reproducing populations, sometimes narrowly local, are formed (Boltachev and Karpova, 2014b; Karpova et al., 2015). Moreover, the largest number of single finds and new naturalized species was recorded in the families of goby (Gobiidae) and crucian carp (Sparidae), which are obviously the most tolerant to the low salinity of the Black Sea. In terms of species richness in the Black Sea, the Sparidae family is in second place, numbering to date 12 species. Over the past two decades, there has been
an increase in the occurrence and abundance of two species of marine crucians—salema Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758) and dorada Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758—as well as individual finds of several species of this family (Vasilieva, 2007; Boltachev et al., 2010, 2013; Yankova et al., 2013; Boltachev and Karpova, 2014a), among which was the Atlantic striped seabream Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758). This work is devoted to studying the nature of distribution and assessing the s
Data Loading...
