Neutralization of Animal Viruses
Understanding neutralization is particularly relevant to an appreciation of the interaction between a virus and its antibody-synthesizing host since it is likely that viruses and the antibody system have evolved in response to reciprocally imposed selecti
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Editors
A. Capron, Lille . R. w. Compans, Atlanta/Georgia M. Cooper, Birmingham/Alabama· H. Koprowski, Philadelphia . I. McConnell, Edinburgh· F. Melchers, Basel M. Oldstone, La Jolla/California . S. Olsnes, Oslo M. Potter, Bethesda/Maryland . H. Saedler, Cologne P. K. Vogt, Los Angeles· H. Wagner, Munich· I. Wilson, La Jolla/California
N.J. Dimmock
Neutral ization of Animal Viruses With 10 Figures
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg NewYork London Paris Tokyo Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest
NIGEL
J.
DIMMOCK
Department of Biological Sciences University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7 AL U.K.
Cover illustration: Influenza virus, freeze-dry negative staining. (Picture by courtesy of Dr. M. V. Nermut, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, UK.) Cover design: Harald Lopka, IIvesheim
ISBN-13: 978-3-642-77851-3 001: 10.1007/978-3-642-77849-0
e-ISBN-13: 978-3-642-77849-0
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broad-casting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is only permitted under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9. 1965, in its current version, and a copyright fee must always be paid. Violations fall under the prosecution act of the German Copyright Law.
© Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg 1993
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1993 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 15-12910 The use of registered names, trademarks etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for information about drug dosage and application thereof contained on this book. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. Typesetting: Thomson Press (India) Ltd, New Delhi; Offsetprinting: Saladruck, Berlin; 23/3020-54 3 2 1 0 - Printed on acid-free paper.
Contents
1
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2
Immunoglobulin G Neutralization by Inhibition of Attachment of Virus to the Cell . . . . . . . . . . .
3
3
Immunoglobulin G Neutralization Which Does Not Inhibit Attachment of Virus to the Cell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10
4
Immunoglobulin G Neutralization by Aggregation of Virions
14
5
Immunoglobulin G Neutralization Mechanisms Which Operate After Attachment of the Virus-Antibody Complex to a Cell Receptor Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '. Inhibition of Fusion atthe Plasma Membrane. . . . . Inhibition of Endocytosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inhibition of Fusion of Viral and Cellular Membranes Inhibition of Non-fusion Uncoating . . . . . . . . . . Inhibition of Events Which Occur After Primary Uncoating
