New data on the biostratigraphy (charophytes, nannofossils, mammals) and lithostratigraphy of the Late Eocene to Early L
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New data on the biostratigraphy (charophytes, nannofossils, mammals) and lithostratigraphy of the Late Eocene to Early Late Miocene deposits in the Swiss Molasse Basin and Jura Mountains Pierre-Olivier Mojon1,4 • Eric De Kaenel2 • Daniel Ka¨lin3 • Damien Becker4,5 • Claudius Marius Pirkenseer5,6 Gae¨tan Rauber4,5 • Karl Ramseyer7 • Bernhard Hostettler8 • Marc Weidmann9
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Received: 21 November 2017 / Accepted: 12 December 2017 Akademie der Naturwissenschaften Schweiz (SCNAT) 2018
Abstract In the northern Swiss Plateau and Jura Mountains, non marine Paleogene and Neogene deposits of the Swiss Molasse Basin or linked to the Upper Rhine Graben are examined in detail. The Late Eocene (Middle–Late Priabonian) is characterized by charophytes of the Vasiformis–Tuberculata Zone (Diegten Su¨sswasserkalk) and Vectensis Zone (lower Tuberculata Superzone, Oberdorf Su¨sswasserkalk, Terre jaune). The Rupelian and Early Chattian appear as little developed and extended. The Rupelian is characterized by charophytes of the Pinguis Zone (upper Tuberculata Superzone, basal Conglome´rat de Porrentruy) and Major Zone (Conglome´rat de Porrentruy, lower ‘‘Molasse alsacienne’’, Marnes rouges). In the Neuchaˆtel region of central Jura, a paleokarst marine filling of UMM (Montmollin) yielded nannofossils of Early Rupelian (NP 21) age. Early Chattian sediments are for the first time precisely dated by small mammals (MP 25–26a) and typical charophytes of the Microcera Zone (Calcaire d’eau douce de Trois-Rods). The biostratigraphy of charophytes for the Early Miocene to early Late Miocene (MN 1–9) can also be defined more precisely ranging from Nitida Zone to Etrusca Zone. The biozonation of charophytes for the Swiss Paleogene and Neogene (SPN) is revised and completed by the creation of 11 assemblage zones SPN-EC 1–2 (Eocene charophytes, Late Eocene), SPN-OC 1–2 (Oligocene charophytes, Rupelian), SPN-OC 3–5 (Chattian), SPN-MC 1–2 (Miocene charophytes, Aquitanian), SPN-MC 3 (Burdigalian) and SPN-MC 4 (Langhian–Early Tortonian). Keywords Cenozoic Molasse Charophytes Biostratigraphy Lithostratigraphy Switzerland
Introduction This study was carried out with samples derived from Late Eocene to Oligocene–Miocene freshwater and marine sediments located between the Swiss Plateau and SwissFrench Jura Mountains (Fig. 1, Table 1). New data are
reported from Middle–Late Priabonian to lowermost Tortonian freshwater deposits separated by two marine episodes known as UMM (Untere Meeresmolasse) or Se´rie grise (Rupelian) and OMM (Obere Meeresmolasse, Burdigalian). Until recently, the ages of deposits initially placed in the Early Oligocene (Terre jaune, Oberdorf
Editorial handling: Daniel Marty. & Pierre-Olivier Mojon [email protected]
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Pale´ontologie A16, rue de la Chaumont 13, 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland
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De´partement des Ge´osciences, Universite´ de Fribourg, Chemin du Muse´e 6, Pe´rolles, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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Rue du Centre 81, 2405 La Chaux-du-Milieu, Switzerland
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Chemin So
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