New Geographical Record of Plesiothyreus cinnamomeus (Gould, 1846) (Gastropoda: Neritoidea: Phenacolepadidae) from the C
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New Geographical Record of Plesiothyreus cinnamomeus (Gould, 1846) (Gastropoda: Neritoidea: Phenacolepadidae) from the Central Indian Ocean R. Ravinesh 1
&
A. Biju Kumar 1 & V. L. Anjana 1
Received: 27 March 2018 / Revised: 20 August 2019 / # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The neritiform gastropods Plesiothyreus cinnamomeus (Gould, 1846) was collected from Indian coast for the first time and Zacalantica galathea (Lamarck, 1819) for the first time from the recorded from Lakshadweep Sea, west coast of India. The record of Plesiothyreus cinnamomeus confirms the extended distribution of the species from the Pacific Ocean to the Arabian Sea. Keywords Phenacolepas . Gastropoda . Ashtamudi . Kerala . Distribution
Introduction The gastropod family Phenacolepadidae is commonly called as “sugar limpets” because they resemble the patelliform shell. However, they are closely related to the family Neritidae Takenori (2008). Recently Fukumori et al. (2019) reviewed the molecular and morphological characterization of the family Phenacolepadidae. Members of the family live in the dysoxic, sulphide-rich environments, under-surface of stones, dead coral boulders and shrimp burrows, in the intertidal and upper subtidal zones (Fretter 1984; Kano and Kase 2002; Seike and Goto 2017). The animals feed on bacterial colonies and other biofilms (Kano and Haga 2011; Zande and Carney 2001). Phenacolepadids possess red blood cells containing haemoglobin, which enable them to live in sulphiderich conditions (Fretter 1984; Sasaki 1998). The family divided into two subfamilies Phenacolepadinae and Shinkailepadinae and seven genera Hyalopatina Dall, 1889, Magadis Melvill & Standen, 1899, Plesiothyreus Cossmann, 1888, Zacalantica Iredale, 1929, Divia Fukumori, Yahagi, Warén & Kano, 2019, Shinkailepas Okutani, Saito & Hashimoto, 1989, and Thalassonerita
* R. Ravinesh [email protected] 1
Department of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, University of Kerala, 695581, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
Moroni, 1966 (MolluscaBase, 2019). The animals of the subfamily Phenacolepadinae live in shallow water environments and Shinkailepadinae in Cenozoic deep-sea chemosynthetic environments (Fukumori et al. 2019). Family Phenacolepadidae is one of the least studied molluscan family from Indian coastal waters (Tripathy and Mukhopadhyay 2015). Four species of this family were previously recorded from south-east coast of India Phenacolepas asperulata (Satyamurti, 1952 Sarma 1977), Plesiothyreus cytherae (Hylleberg and Kilburn, 2002), Plesiothyreus cytherae (Rajagopal and Mookherjee, 1982; Mookherjee and Barua, 1989; Rao 2003) and Zacalantica galathea (Christiaens, 1988; Hylleberg and Kilburn, 2002). In this paper we report the first record of Plesiothyreus cinnamomeus from Indian coast and record of Zacalantica galathea recorded from Lakshadweep Sea, west coast of India.
Materials and Methods Twenty-three specimens of Plesiothyreus cinnamomeus (Gould, 1846) and seven specimens Zacalantica g a l a t h e a w e r e c o l l e c t e d f r o m o
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