New species and nomenclatural changes in Cynorkis (Orchidaceae) from Madagascar, the Comoros and the Mascarenes
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ISSN: 0075-5974 (print) ISSN: 1874-933X (electronic)
New species and nomenclatural changes in Cynorkis (Orchidaceae) from Madagascar, the Comoros and the Mascarenes Johan Hermans1,2 , Landy Rajaovelona3, Phillip Cribb1, Jean-Michel Hervouet4, Anton Sieder2 & Jacky Andriantiana5
Summary. Four new species, Cynorkis kiehnii, C. marianneae, C. marmorata and C. murex, are described for the first
time. Cynorkis frappieri and C. raymondiana are compared, with the latter reduced to a synonym of the former. Cynorkis gaesiformis, C. galeata, C. nutans and C. stenoglossa are compared and considered one variable species, with the name C. nutans having priority. Additional information is provided about C. mammuthus following the discovery of living material in N Madagascar. Key Words. Descriptions, distribution, IUCN Red List assessments, taxonomy, types.
Introduction The genus Cynorkis Thouars (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae) currently comprises around 200 species, subspecies and varieties in total, 183 of which are largely endemic to Madagascar and the surrounding islands (Mascarenes, Comoros), and fewer than 20 species are restricted to mainland Africa (Govaerts et al. 2019). Since the major work on the orchid flora of Madagascar by Schlechter (1924) and Perrier de la Bâthie (henceforth Perrier) (1939), when 78 species were recognised, a number of novelties in the genus have been described from the region by ToilliezGenoud & Bosser (1961, 1962), Bosser & Veyret (1970), Bosser (1969, 1980, 1998, 2002, 2015), Hermans & Cribb (2007, 2014) and Hermans et al. (2007, 2017).
assessments which will be completed and submitted for review and publication by IUCN once the species names are validly published and therefore available for assessment. All the assessments have been compiled based on current knowledge of these taxa, by one of the authors (Landy Rajaovelona), who is an IUCN Red List assessor, using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (2012).
New Species Cynorkis kiehnii Hermans, Sieder & Prehsler sp. nov. Type: Madagascar, Mahajanga prov., Bealanana area, 1227 m, 31 Jan. 2018, Gamisch, Sieder, Prehsler & Andriantiana 7586 (holotype WU!). http://www.ipni.org/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77211716-1
Materials & Methods As part of ongoing research and fieldwork on the orchid flora of Madagascar at the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, the University of Vienna and PBZT Antananarivo, specimens of putative new taxa were compared with descriptions, herbarium material and drawings of all the type specimens of the genus to ascertain their novelty. This has resulted in the recognition of a number of new species and a better understanding of the nomenclature of others. The conservation status of the new species given in this paper are summaries of the full IUCN Red List
Erect lithophytic herb up to 45 cm high including the inflorescence. Tubers 1 – 2, elongate, ovoid (15 – 25 × 6 – 9 mm), clustered, surface velvety; roots slightly hairy, fleshy, wiry, emerging from the base of the new growth, c. 1.5 mm in diam. Stem up to 3.5 cm, c. 4 mm in diam.,
