Nile River Basin Hydrology, Climate and Water Use
This book presents results of scientific studies ranging from hydrological modelling to water management and policy issues in the Nile River basin. It examines the physical, hydrometeorological and hydrogeological description of the basin along with analy
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Assefa M. Melesse Editor
Nile River Basin Hydrology, Climate and Water Use
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Editor Dr. Assefa M. Melesse Florida International University Department of Earth and Environment Modesto A. Maidique Campus 33199 Miami Florida USA [email protected]
ISBN 978-94-007-0688-0 e-ISBN 978-94-007-0689-7 DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-0689-7 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2011922985 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 All Rights Reserved for Chapter 11 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword
The River Nile Water is the lifeblood for 180 million people who live in the river basin. Nile water supports hydropower, agriculture, navigation, and a multitude of ecosystem services all essential for economic growth, poverty reduction, and stability in the region. The region has the potential for rapid growth, and many individuals, communities, companies, and countries have high hopes that the Nile waters can support growth and prosperity. While the future expectation of what the Nile can deliver to its people is extremely high, in fact the resource is limited, and there is a real danger that ill-planned development can lead to degradation and conflict. Underpinning good planning and development is knowledge about the hydrology of the Nile system. While there has been millions spent on development, and there are large plans for more development, it is surprising how little basic data and analysis is readily available, especially data for the upstream countries in the basin. For historic reasons, Egypt and Sudan possess a wealth of knowledge about the Nile waters and its use. This is not true for upstream countries who have tapped very little of the Nile River water resource, but who are looking to gain more benefits from the Nile in the future. Information in the book plays an important role to bridge this gap. There is a wealth of new modeling and information techniques that can really help build a better picture of water resources in the region. This book makes an advance in bringing these techniques to bear on the Nile basin. The book covers a range of biophysical issues important for the Nile basin. For example, fundamental to water management are the water budgets of the major lakes in the region which are revisited in this book. Ultimately rain is the source of water for the Nile River basin, yet the knowledge of historic, let alone real time rainfall across the huge basin is scant. Satellite rainfall estimation provides some exciting opportunities to fill in this void, and there is a great opportunity fo
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