Nitrogen Doped Porous Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid as a Nanocarrier of Imatinib Anticancer Drug
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PECIFIC TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS
Nitrogen Doped Porous Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid as a Nanocarrier of Imatinib Anticancer Drug N. Samimi Tehrania, M. Masoumia, F. Chekinb,*, and M. Sharifzadeh Baeia a
Department of Chemical Engineering, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, 678 Iran b Department of Chemistry, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, 678 Iran e-mail: [email protected] Received April 15, 2020; revised July 26, 2020; accepted July 29, 2020
Abstract—Nowadays, the cancer is one of the world’s most devastating diseases. The researches shows carbon nanomaterials as carriers for selective and controlled drug release and therapeutic agents. In this work, we developed new polymeric carbon nanocarrier based on nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide (N-prGO)-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as nanocarrier (NG-CMC) to load anticancer drug, imatinib (IM). The FE-SEM images, cyclic voltammetry, and Raman and UV-Vis spectroscopy methods confirmed the loading of IM on the NG-CMC. The results showed efficient loading of IM, ~74% at pH 7.00, time 3 h and 1 : 1 ratio of IM to NG-CMC onto NG-CMC. The biopolymer presence of CMC onto surface of nanocarrier due to the presence of –OH and –COOH groups interacts by hydrogen binding and π–π stacking with IM and enhanced the loading process of IM. The ~58.4, ~23.7, and ~16.2% of IM could be released from the NG- CMC upon the pH 4.00, 7.00, and 9.00, respectively, after 20 h. Thus, the development of present nanocarrier because of its unique physicochemical properties and high surface area is an ideal candidate for nanoscale assembly and able to deliver anticancer agents into cells. Keywords: imatinib, nitrogen doped porous reduced graphene oxide, carboxymethyl cellulose, drug delivery. DOI: 10.1134/S1070427220080157
Nowadays, cancer is a common dialog among public due to its wide spread effects [1]. Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide [2, 3] and it is defined as an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells [4]. The reasons for most of cancer deaths are inefficacy and failure of the current methods of treatments or the unavailability of treatment options [5]. The current therapies involve surgical intervention to achieve tumor debulking followed by adjuvant radio- and chemotherapy [6]. Among these, chemotherapy is considered as the best option to inhibit the growth or eradicate cancerous cells [7]. Anticancer chemotherapeutics when delivered via conventional drug delivery systems present a number of unique problems, including poor specificity, high toxicity, and induction of drug resistance [8]. The side-effects and long-term consequences of anti-cancer chemotherapy remain a major source of concern for both patients and clinicians
despite the improved efficacy and enhanced survival offered by modern treatments [9]. Use of nanotechnology in various biomedical applications, including drug delivery has attracted increasing interest due to their ability to alter the drug’s pharmacokinetics [10]. Nanotechnology could increase the medicinal e
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