NLR Proteins Methods and Protocols

This volume provides a sound basis for the molecular investigation of NLR function in health and disease. Chapters focus on of innate immune receptors, “atypical” inflammasomes, biochemical and novel bioluminescence techniques for the measurement of IL-1b

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Francesco Di Virgilio Pablo Pelegrín Editors

NLR Proteins Methods and Protocols

METHODS

IN

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Series Editor: John M.Walker University of Hertfordshire School of Life and Medical Sciences Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL10 9AB, UK

For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7651

NLR Proteins Methods and Protocols

Edited by

Francesco Di Virgilio Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

Pablo Pelegrín Molecular Inflammation Group, Murcia Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB-Arrixaca), Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain

Editors Francesco Di Virgilio Department of Morphology Surgery and Experimental Medicine University of Ferrara Ferrara, Italy

Pablo Pelegrín Molecular Inflammation Group Murcia Biomedical Research Institute (IMIBArrixaca), Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca Murcia, Spain

ISSN 1064-3745 ISSN 1940-6029 (electronic) Methods in Molecular Biology ISBN 978-1-4939-3564-2 ISBN 978-1-4939-3566-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3566-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016935501 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Humana Press imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media LLC New York

Preface Inflammation is the most fundamental defense mechanism developed by multicellular organisms [1]. Central to inflammation is the ability to discriminate noxious from non-noxious agents and to detect signs of tissue damage or cellular distress that might signal an impending danger. Given the multiplicity of foreign microorganisms which our body gets in contact with throughout its life, the ability to tell “dangerous” from “non-dangerous” is crucial because we do not want to rouse a potentially destructive response, such as inflammation, if not absolutely necessary. The immune system selected the capability to cause cell or tissue damage as an une