Nonsolvent-induced phase separation-derived TiO 2 nanotube arrays/porous Ti electrode as high-energy-density anode for l
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Nonsolvent-induced phase separation-derived TiO2 nanotube arrays/porous Ti electrode as high-energy-density anode for lithium-ion batteries Zhi-Jia Zhang* , Jun Zhao, Zhi-Jun Qiao, Jia-Min Wang, Shi-Hao Sun, Wen-Xing Fu, Xi-Yuan Zhang, Zhen-Yang Yu, Yu-Hai Dou, Jian-Li Kang, Ding Yuan* , Yue-Zhan Feng, Jian-Min Ma*
Received: 10 July 2020 / Revised: 27 July 2020 / Accepted: 30 July 2020 Ó The Nonferrous Metals Society of China and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract TiO2 nanotube arrays, growing on three-dimensional (3D) porous Ti membrane, were synthesized using a facile nonsolvent-induced phase separation and anodization process. The length of those three-dimensional nanotube arrays could be tuned by prolonging the anodizing time. When the anodizing time is 8 h, the three-dimensional TiO2 nanotube arrays/porous Ti electrode exhibits well cycling stability and ultra-high specific capacity, which is used in lithium-ion batteries, attributed to the high utilization rate of the substrate and the high growth intensity of the active materials. Three-dimensional TiO2 nanotube arrays/porous Ti electrode, at 100 lAcm-2 with 8 h
anodizing time, shows a typical discharge plateau at 1.78 V and exhibits the specific capacity with 2126.7 lAhcm-2. The novel nanotube arrays@3D porous architecture effectively shortens the electron/ion transmission path, which could pave way for optimizing the design of highperformance anode materials for next-generation energy storage system. Keywords TiO2 nanotube arrays; Nonsolvent-induced phase separation; Anodization; Anode; Lithium-ion battery
1 Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-020-01571-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Z.-J. Zhang*, J. Zhao, Z.-J. Qiao, J.-M. Wang, S.-H. Sun, W.-X. Fu, X.-Y. Zhang, Z.-Y. Yu, J.-L. Kang State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Energy Storage, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China e-mail: [email protected] Y.-H. Dou, D. Yuan* Centre for Clean Environment and Energy, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4222, Australia e-mail: [email protected] Y.-Z. Feng Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China J.-M. Ma* Key Laboratory for Micro-/Nano-Optoelectronic Devices, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410022, China e-mail: [email protected]
Fossil fuels have the risk of running out in the next few decades by conservative estimation, therefore, novel electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are needed to adapt to the demands of the rapidly developed modern technology and to address the challenge of energy crisis [1–4]. In recent years, as th
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